Abstract
The interface states in ZnO with impurities of transition-metals, Mn, Co, and Cu, were investigated by the DLTS (deep-level transient spectroscopy) measurements in ZnO/PrCoOx/ZnO junctions as model systems of ZnO ceramic varistors and by the SCF-Xα-SW molecular orbital calculations using simplified cluster models. The DLTS signals, correlated to the doping of Mn and Co, are obtained with ZnO/PrCox/ZnO junctions. The signals correspond to the interface states due to the transition-metal doping. Xα calculations indicate that the interface states attributed to the doping of transition-metals, Mn, Co, and Cu, in ZnO are created between the valence band and the conduction band, which consist of transition-metals 3d character. The impurities of transition-metals affect interface states as well as the adsorbed excess oxygen.
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Yano, Y., Takai, Y. & Morooka, H. Interface states in ZnO varistor with Mn, Co, and Cu impurities. Journal of Materials Research 9, 112–118 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1994.0112
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1994.0112