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Cathodic amelioration of the adverse effects of oxidative stress accompanying procedures necessary for cryopreservation of embryonic axes of recalcitrant-seeded species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2011

Patricia Berjak ,
Sershen ,
Boby Varghese  and
N.W. Pammenter
Patricia Berjak*
Affiliation:
Plant Germplasm Conservation Research, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Ring Road, Westville Campus, Durban4001, South Africa
Sershen
Affiliation:
Plant Germplasm Conservation Research, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Ring Road, Westville Campus, Durban4001, South Africa
Boby Varghese
Affiliation:
Plant Germplasm Conservation Research, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Ring Road, Westville Campus, Durban4001, South Africa
N.W. Pammenter
Affiliation:
Plant Germplasm Conservation Research, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Ring Road, Westville Campus, Durban4001, South Africa
*
*Correspondence Email: berjak@ukzn.ac.za
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Abstract

Several of the procedures necessary for cryopreservation of excised zygotic embryonic axes are known to be accompanied by emission of damaging levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These have been shown to be associated with shoot apical meristem necrosis, curtailing subsequent axis development to root production only, particularly for tropical/subtropical recalcitrant-seeded species. Here we report on the application of the principles of electrochemistry in the generation of strongly reducing, high pH cathodic water, by electrolysis of a solution containing calcium and magnesium chloride. The cathodic water in which Strychnos gerrardii axes were immersed for 30 min following dehydration, and importantly, after dehydration followed by cryopreservation, was shown to have strongly antioxidative properties in counteracting the damaging effects of ROS bursts and promoting shoot development. In a parallel experiment, axes of Boophane disticha exhibited enhanced total antioxidant activity when exposed to cathodic water both immediately following excision, and after flash-drying. For both species, the efficacious effects of cathodic treatment were manifest after the axes had been in culture for 4 h, suggesting that ROS were not quenched at source, but probably counteracted by enhancement of activity of endogenous antioxidants. Cathodic water therefore affords a non-toxic means of amelioration of oxidative, stress-related damage, which, coupled with the strongly fungicidal activity of the acidic, anionic water fraction, offers significant, and apparently non-injurious, advances towards successful cryopreservation of germplasm – and probably generally improved success of in-vitro-based procedures for plant tissues.

Keywords

Boophane distichacathodic watercryopreservationembryonic axesprotectionreactive oxygen speciesStrychnos gerrardiisuperoxide
Type
Research Article
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , September 2011 , pp. 187 - 203
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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