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Pathogenicity of entomogenous fungi (Hyphomycetes) to larvae of the stem borers, Chilo partellus Swinhoe and Busseola fusca Fuller

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Nguya K. Maniania
Nguya K. Maniania
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30, Mbita, Kenya
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Abstract

Several strains of Hyphomycetes fungi were assayed in the laboratory to determine their pathogenicity against second instar Chilo partellus Swinhoe larvae and fifth–sixth instar Busseola fusca Fuller larvae. Pathogenic activity to both stem borers was demonstrated with Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin. B. bassiana isolates caused mortality of 3–100% of mortality in C. partellus larvae, and 30–84% in B.fusca. Strains of M.anisopliae showed a high level of virulence for both insect pests, causing mortality levels of 65–100%. Development of fungal infection appeared to take longer in B. fusca larvae (LT50 of 6.2–13.2 days) than in C. partellus (LT50 of 1.9–5.4 days). B. bassiana isolate ICIPE 4, and M. anisopliae isolates ICIPE 18 and 30, which were effective against both stem borers, outperformed the other pathogens tested. They appear to have potential for use asmicrobial agents in the control of C. partellus and B. fusca.

Résumé

Plusieurs souches d'Hyphom ycètes entomopathogènes ont été testées au laboratoire pour déterminer leur pathogénicité a l'égard des larves du 2nd stade de Chilo partellus Swinhoe et celles du 5–6ème stade de Busseola fusca Fuller. L'activité pathogène sur les 2 foreurs a été demontrée avec l'espèce Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin et Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin. Mais, l'aptitude à infecter et à causer la mort des insecte-hôtes varie suivant les souches d'une espèce fongique. Ainsi, les isolats de B. bassiana provoquent une mortalité de 3 à100% chez les larves de C. partellus, et de 30 à 84% parmi celles de B. fusca. Cependant, les souches de M. anisopliae induisent une mortalité élevée chez les 2 insectes; celle-ci étant comprise entre 65 et 100%. Le temps d'incubation de la maladie paraît plus longue chez les larves de B. fusca (TL50 entre 6, 2 et 13, 2 jours) que chez celles de C. partellus (TL50 entre 1, 9 et 5, 4 jours). L'isolat de B. bassiana ICIPE 4 et les isolats de M. anisopliae ICIPE 18 et 30, se sont montrés plus pathogènes que les autres isolats pour les larves des 2 foreurs. Par consequent, ils présentent des potentialités pour la lutte biologique.

Keywords

Pathogenicityentomogenous fungiHyphomycetesstrainsstem borerslarvaeChilo partellusBusseola fuscabioassaysPathogénicitéchampignons entomopathogènesHyphomycètessouchesforeurslarvesChilo partellusBusseola fuscaéssais biologiques
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Issue 5 , October 1992 , pp. 691 - 696
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

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