Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T06:07:50.784Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Plankboat skeuomorphs in Bronze Age logboats: a Scandinavian perspective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2015

Ole Thirup Kastholm*
Affiliation:
Roskilde Museum, Munkebro 2, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark (Email: olekast@roskilde.dk)

Abstract

Logboats are widely known as the earliest form of water transport and continue to be used today. How then can such a ubiquitous phenomenon be useful in demonstrating maritime networks between distant places? A reassessment of the European, and especially Scandinavian, examples of logboats has revealed that technological and decorative aspects of their design demonstrate a connection between Western Europe, Scandinavia and Britain and Ireland. Here the details of this skeuomorphism are used to argue for a North Atlantic, European maritime network in the Bronze Age.

Type
Research
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arisholm, T. & Nymoen, P. (ed.). 2005. Stokkebåter. Nytt om Sørumbåten og andre sørnorske stokkebåtfunn (Norsk Sjøfartsmuseum Skrift 49). Oslo: Norsk Maritimt Museum.Google Scholar
Arnold, B. 1995. Pirogues monoxyles d’Europe centrale. Construction, typologie, evolution, 1 (Archéologie neuchâteloise 20). Neuchâtel: Musée cantonal d’archéologie.Google Scholar
Arnold, B. 1996. Pirogues monoxyles d’Europe centrale. Construction, typologie, evolution, 2 (Archéologie neuchâteloise 21). Neuchâtel: Musée cantonal d’archéologie.Google Scholar
Bergerbrant, S., Fredengren, C., Molnar, P. & Löfqvist, C.. 2013. Violent death and wetlands: skeletal remains from Gotland, in , S. Bergerbrant & Sabatini, S. (ed.) Counterpoint: essays in archaeology and heritage studies in honour of Professor Kristian Kristiansen (British Archaeological Reports International series 2508): 199206. Oxford: Archaeopress.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berglund, A. 1998. Strö 5:1, Strö socken, Lidköpings kommun. Västergötland. Dokumentation och flyttning av en stockbåt 1997. Skaraborgs Länsmuseum Rapport 1998/1.Google Scholar
Berntsson, A. 2005. Två män i en båt—om människans relation till havet i bronsåldern (University of Lund, Institute of Archaeology Report series 93). Lund: University of Lund.Google Scholar
Bronk Ramsey, C. 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 51: 337–60.Google Scholar
Christensen, C. 1990. Stone Age dug-out boats in Denmark: occurrence, age, form and reconstruction, in Robinson, D.E. (ed.) Experimentation and reconstruction in environmental archaeology: 119–41. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Christensen, C. 1999. Mesolithic boats from around the Great Belt, Denmark, in Coles, B., Coles, J.M. & Jørgensen, M.S. (ed.) Bog bodies, sacred sites and wetland archaeology (WARP Occasional Paper 12): 4750. Exeter: WARP Wetland Archeology Research Project.Google Scholar
Crumlin-Pedersen, O. 2010. Archaeology and the sea in Scandinavia and Britain (Maritime Culture of the North volume 3). Roskilde: The Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde.Google Scholar
Crumlin-Pedersen, O. & Trakadas, A. (ed.). 2003. Hjortspring. A pre-Roman Iron-Age warship in context (Ships and Boats of the North 5). Roskilde: The Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde.Google Scholar
Ellmers, D. 1973. Kultbarken, Fähren, Fischerboote. Vorgeschichtliche Einbäume in Niedersachsen. Die Kunde. Mitteilungen des Niedersächsischen Landesvereins für Urgeschichte (Neue Folge volume 24): 2362.Google Scholar
Eskeröd, A. 1956. Early Nordic-Arctic boats. A survey and some problems, in Furumark, A. et al. (ed.) Arctica. Essays presented to Åke Cambell 1.5.1956: 5787. Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell.Google Scholar
Floderus, E. 1931. Ett gotländskt ekkistfynd från bronsåldern. Fornvännen 26: 284–90.Google Scholar
Fry, M.F. 2000. Coití. Logboats from Northern Ireland. Belfast: Greystone.Google Scholar
Hansen, S. 2000. Gewässerfunde im bronzezeitlichen Europa. Ein Panorama. Das Altertum 46: 3162.Google Scholar
Hansen, V. & Nielsen, H.. 1979. Oldtidens veje og vadesteder, belyst ved nye undersøgelser ved Stevns. Aarbøger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie 1977: 72117.Google Scholar
Hirte, C. 1987. Zur Archäologie monoxyler Wasserfahrzeuge im nördlichen Mitteleuropa: eine Studie zur Repräsentativität der Quellen in chorologischer, chronologischer und konzeptioneller Hinsicht. Bind 1–6. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel.Google Scholar
Kastholm, O.T. 2008. Skibsteknologi i bronzealder og jernalder. Nogle overvejelser om kontinuitet eller diskontinuitet. Fornvännen 103: 165–75.Google Scholar
Kastholm, O.T. 2012. Stammebåden fra Varpelev og dens europæiske slægtninge. Køge Museums Årbog 2012: 3952.Google Scholar
Kastholm, O.T. 2013. Stammebåden fra Vestersø. Et sjældent fund fra sen bronzealder/tidlig jernalder. Holstebro Museum Årsskrift 2012: 5364.Google Scholar
Kastholm, O.T. 2014. Stammebåde på den skandinaviske halvø før år 1. Fornvännen 109: 153–66.Google Scholar
Kastholm, O.T. In press. Bronzealderbådene fra Varpelev og Vestersø i et europæisk perspektiv. Aarbøger for nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie.Google Scholar
Lanting, J.N. 2000. Dates for origin and diffusion of the European logboat. Palaeohistoria 39/40 (1997/1998): 627–50.Google Scholar
Ling, J. 2008. Elevated rock art. Towards a maritime understanding of Bronze Age rock art in northern Bohuslän, Sweden (GOTARC Serie B. Gothenburg Archaeological Theses 49). Göteborg: University of Gothenburg.Google Scholar
Ling, J., Hjärthner-Holdar, E., Grandin, L., Billström, K. & Persson, P.O.. 2013. Moving metals or indigenous mining? Provenancing Scandinavian Bronze Age artefacts by lead isotope and trace elements. Journal of Archaeological Science 40: 291304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2012.05.040 Google Scholar
Louwe Kooijmans, L.P. 2008. Peddelen over de plassen. Over kano's en peddels uit Meso- en Neolithicum in Nederland, in Oosting, R. & Van den Akker, J. (ed.) Boomstamkano's overnaadse schepen en tuigage (Inleidingen gehouden tijdens het tiende Glavimans Symposion): 2637. Amersfoort: Glavimans Stichting.Google Scholar
Maarleveld, T.J. 2008. Boten zonder geschiedenis, of wie is er bang voor een boomstamboot?, in Oosting, R. & Van den Akker, J. (ed.) Boomstamkano's overnaadse schepen en tuigage (Inleidingen gehouden tijdens het tiende Glavimans Symposion): 525. Amersfoort: Glavimans Stichting.Google Scholar
Maarleveld, T.J. 2009. Boomstamboot Kadoelerveld. Opgravingsrapport. Excavation Report, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg.Google Scholar
Maarleveld, T.J. & Oosting, R.. 2008. Schematisch overzicht van boomstamboten in Nederland. Appendix, in Oosting, R. & Van den Akker, J. (ed.) Boomstamkano's, overnaadse schepen en tuigage (Inleidingen gehouden tijdens het tiende Glavimans Symposion). Amersfoort: Glavimans Stichting.Google Scholar
McGrail, S. 1978. Logboats of England and Wales with comparative material from European and other countries (British Archaeological Reports British series 51). Oxford: Archaeopress.Google Scholar
McGrail, S. 1987. Ancient boats in NW Europe. The archaeology of water transport to AD 1500. London: Longman.Google Scholar
McGrail, S. 2001. Boats of the world. From the Stone Age to medieval times. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mowat, R.J.C. 1996. The logboats of Scotland: with notes on related artefact types. Oxford: Oxbow Books.Google Scholar
Murrell, K. 2012. Must Farm, Whittlesey 2011–2012. Palaeochannel investigations interim statement. Cambridge: Cambridge Archaeological Unit, University of Cambridge.Google Scholar
Nicolaysen, N. 1882. The Viking-ship from Gokstad. Kristiania.Google Scholar
Olsson, H. & Sjöberg, J.E.. 1971. 12:218, 219 Låssby, Skäggered. Stockbåtar. Bronsålder/järnålder. FYNDrapporter 1971. Rapporter över Göteborgs Arkeologiska Musei Undersökningar: 41–49.Google Scholar
Ossowski, W. 1999. Studia nad łodziami jednopiennymi z obszaru Polski. Gdansk: Centralne Muzeum Morskie.Google Scholar
Ossowski, W. 2000. Some results of the study of logboats in Poland, in Litwin, J. (ed.) Down the river to the sea (Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology, Gdansk 1997): 5966. Gdansk: Polish Maritime Museum.Google Scholar
Østmo, E. 2011. Late Neolithic expansion to Norway. The beginning of a 4000 year-old shipbuilding tradition, in Prescott, C. & Glørstad, H. (ed.) Becoming European. The transformation of third millennium Northern and Western Europe: 6369. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Paret, O. 1930. Die Einbäume im Federseeried und im übrigen Europa. Prähistorische Zeitschrift 21: 76116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prhz.1930.21.1-2.76 Google Scholar
Ramquist, P.H. 2009. Hampnäs-toften. Tradition eller förnyelse? Arkeologi i Norr 11: 93114.Google Scholar
Reimer, P.J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J.W., Blackwell, P.G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Buck, C.E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R.L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P.M., Guilderson, T.P., Haflidason, H., Hajdas, I., Hatté, C., Heaton, T.J., Hoffmann, D.L., Hogg, A.G., Hughen, K.A., Kaiser, K.F., Kromer, B., Manning, S.W., Niu, M., Reimer, R.W., Richards, D.A., Scott, E.M., Southon, J.R., Staff, R.A., Turney, C.S.M. & van der Plicht, J.. 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 55: 1869–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947Google Scholar
Robinson, M.E., Shimwell, D.W. & Cribbin, G.. 1999. Re-assessing the logboat from Lurgan Townland, Co. Galway, Ireland. Antiquity 73: 903908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0003598×00065662 Google Scholar
Rowlands, M. & Ling, J.. 2013. Boundaries, flows and connectivities: mobility and stasis in the Bronze Age, in Bergerbrant, S. & Sabatini, S. (ed.) Counterpoint: essays in archaeology and heritage studies in honour of Professor Kristian Kristiansen (British Archaeological Reports International series 2508): 517–29. Oxford: Archaeopress.Google Scholar
Samson, A.V.M. 2006. Offshore finds from the Bronze Age in North-Western Europe: the shipwreck scenario revisited. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 25: 371–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.2006.00267.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sjöberg, J.E. 1987. Stockbåten—en tidlös farkost. FYND 1987 (1): 5463.Google Scholar
Sylvester, M. 2009. The Haugvik Boat—a pre-Roman Iron Age boat find from northern Norway, in Bockius, R. (ed.) Between the seas—transfer and exchange in nautical technology (Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology, September 2006, Mainz, Germany, RGZM-Tagungen 3): 53–59. Mainz: Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums.Google Scholar
Ulfhielm, B. 2007. Fiskebybåten—Norrlands äldsta båt. Hälsingerunor 2007: 2832.Google Scholar
Van de Noort, R. 2004. The Humber, its sewn-plank boats, their contexts and the significance of it all, in Clark, P. (ed.) The Dover Bronze Age Boat in context: society and water transport in prehistoric Europe: 9098. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Van de Noort, R. 2011. North Sea archaeologies: a maritime biography, 10,000 BC to AD 1500. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Van de Noort, R. 2012. Exploring agency behind the Beaker phenomenon. The navigator's tale, in Fokkens, H. & Nicolis, F. (ed.) Background to Beakers. Inquiries into regional cultural backgrounds of the Bell Beaker complex: 6179. Leiden: Sidestone.Google Scholar
Wehlin, J. 2013. Östersjöns skeppssätningar. Monument och mötesplatser under yngre bronsålder (GOTARC serie B. Gothenburg Archaeological Theses 59). Göteborg: Göteborgs Universitet.Google Scholar
Westerdahl, C. 1992. The maritime cultural landscape. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 21: 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1992.tb00336.x Google Scholar
Wright, E.V. 1990. The Ferriby Boats. Seacraft of the Bronze Age. London & New York: Routledge.Google Scholar