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The origin of the Tibetan Mastiff and species identification of Canis based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and COI barcoding

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2011

Y. Li ,
X. Zhao ,
Z. Pan ,
Z. Xie ,
H. Liu ,
Y. Xu  and
Q. Li
Y. Li
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
X. Zhao
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
Z. Pan
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Z. Xie
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
H. Liu
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Y. Xu*
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Q. Li*
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
*
†E-mail: liqifa@njau.edu.cn
†E-mail: liqifa@njau.edu.cn
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Abstract

DNA barcoding is an effective technique to identify species and analyze phylogenesis and evolution. However, research on and application of DNA barcoding in Canis have not been carried out. In this study, we analyzed two species of Canis, Canis lupus (n = 115) and Canis latrans (n = 4), using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (1545 bp) and COI barcoding (648 bp DNA sequence of the COI gene). The results showed that the COI gene, as the moderate variant sequence, applied to the analysis of the phylogenesis of Canis members, and COI barcoding applied to species identification of Canis members. Phylogenetic trees and networks showed that domestic dogs had four maternal origins (A to D) and that the Tibetan Mastiff originated from Clade A; this result supports the theory of an East Asian origin of domestic dogs. Clustering analysis and networking revealed the presence of a closer relative between the Tibetan Mastiff and the Old English sheepdog, Newfoundland, Rottweiler and Saint Bernard, which confirms that many well-known large breed dogs in the world, such as the Old English sheepdog, may have the same blood lineage as that of the Tibetan Mastiff.

Keywords

Tibetan Mastiffcytochrome c oxidase subunit ICOI barcodingoriginspecies identification
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 5 , Issue 12 , 10 November 2011 , pp. 1868 - 1873
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2011

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