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The role of signals 1 and 2 in T-cell activation
Mark Harber, Anette Sundstedt and David Wraith

Figure 2. The role of signals 1 and 2 in T-cell activation. ‘Professional’ APCs, such as dendritic cells, provide more-effective costimulation (signal 2) and, therefore, efficently activate T cells. By contrast, even though ‘non-professional’ APCs, such as B cells or activated endothelial cells, can provide signal 1, they are less efficient at providing signal 2 and are more likely to induce anergy. Abbreviations used: APC, antigen-presenting cell; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; TCR, T-cell receptor (fig002mhb).
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