Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-xxrs7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-19T03:35:10.468Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Changes in Hospitalization for Ischemic Heart Disease After the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake: 10 Years of Data in a Population of 300,000

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2015

Kaisen Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Chengdu University of TCM, Deyang, China.
Dejia Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Dingxiu He
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Chengdu University of TCM, Deyang, China
Joris van Loenhout
Affiliation:
The World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Institute of Health and Society, University of Louvain, Brussels
Wei Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Baotao Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Xiaojian Deng
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Chengdu University of TCM, Deyang, China.
Qi Wu
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Chengdu University of TCM, Deyang, China.
Mao Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Debarati Guha-Sapir*
Affiliation:
The World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Institute of Health and Society, University of Louvain, Brussels
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Debarati Guha-Sapir, PhD, CRED, Ecole de Santé Publique, Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, BteB11.30.15, Institute of Health and Society, University of Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium (e-mail: debby.sapir@uclouvain.be).

Abstract

Objective

The effects of earthquakes on ischemic heart disease (IHD) have often been reported. At a population level, this study examined short-term (60-day) and long-term (5-year) hospitalization events for IHD after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.

Methods

We examined the 10-year medical hospitalization records on IHD in the city of Deyang provided by the Urban Employee Basic Health Insurance program.

Results

Evaluation of 19,083 hospitalizations showed a significantly lower proportional number and cost of hospitalizations in the 60 days after the earthquake (P<0.001). Hospitalizations were 27.81% lower than would have been expected in a normal year; costs were 32.53% lower. However, in the 5 years after the earthquake, the age-adjusted annual incidence of hospitalization increased significantly (P<0.001). In the fifth year after the earthquake, it was significantly higher in the extremely hard-hit area than in the hard-hit area (P<0.01).

Conclusion

After the 2008 earthquake, short- and long-term patterns of hospitalization for IHD changed greatly, but in different ways. Our findings suggest that medical resources for IHD should be distributed dynamically over time after an earthquake. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:203–210)

Type
Original Research
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Leaning, J, Guha-Sapir, D. Natural disasters, armed conflict, and public health. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(19):1836-1842.Google Scholar
2. Peleg, K, Reuveni, H, Stein, M. Earthquake disasters--lessons to be learned. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002;4(5):361-365.Google Scholar
3. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters EM-DAT, the International Disaster Database. http://www.emdat.be/database. Accessed January 20, 2015.Google Scholar
4. Kelly, BB, Narula, J, Fuster, V. Recognizing global burden of cardiovascular disease and related chronic diseases. Mt Sinai J Med. 2012;79(6):632-640.Google Scholar
5. Kai-Sen, H, Qi, W, Ping, L, et al. Increased depression and readmission risk in patients with new-onset angina after the sichuan earthquake. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2011;26(4):262-267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Kloner, RA, Leor, J, Poole, WK, et al. Population-based analysis of the effect of the Northridge Earthquake on cardiac death in Los Angeles County, California. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30(5):1174-1180.Google Scholar
7. Brown, DL. Disparate effects of the 1989 Loma Prieta and 1994 Northridge earthquakes on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction: importance of superimposition of triggers. Am Heart J. 1999;137(5):830-836.Google Scholar
8. Aoki, T, Fukumoto, Y, Yasuda, S, et al. The Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster and cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(22):2796-2803.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Nozaki, E, Nakamura, A, Abe, A, et al. Occurrence of cardiovascular events after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami disaster. Int Heart J. 2013;54(5):247-253.Google Scholar
10. Nakamura, A, Nozaki, E, Fukui, S, et al. Increased risk of acute myocardial infarction after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Heart Vessels. 2014;29(2):206-212.Google Scholar
11. Tsuchida, M, Kawashiri, MA, Teramoto, R, et al. Impact of severe earthquake on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome and stroke in a rural area of Japan. Circ J. 2009;73(7):1243-1247.Google Scholar
12. Leor, J, Kloner, RA. The Northridge earthquake as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77(14):1230-1232.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Tarride, JE, Lim, M, DesMeules, M, et al. A review of the cost of cardiovascular disease. Can J Cardiol. 2009;25(6):e195-e202.Google Scholar
14. Huang, K, Deng, X, He, D, et al. Prognostic implication of earthquake-related loss and depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure following the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan. Clin Cardiol. 2011;34(12):755-760.Google Scholar
15. Baidu Encyclopedia. 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake [in Chinese]. http://baike.baidu.com/view/3486152.htm?fromtitle=四川大地震&fr=aladdin. Published 2014. Accessed Oct 23, 2014.Google Scholar
16. Shanghai Municipal Health and Familiy Planning Commission. The national population by age and sex, 2008 [in Chinese]. http://www.shrkjsw.gov.cn/dr/stat/schina/201139/000000003500041001124450717.html?openpath=spfp/stat/schina. Published 2014. Accessed January 8, 2015.Google Scholar
17. The Word Bank. Consumer price index. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL. Published 2014. Accessed October 23, 2014.Google Scholar
18. Tsai, CH, Lung, FW, Wang, SY. The 1999 Ji-Ji (Taiwan) earthquake as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction. Psychosomatics. 2004;45(6):477-482.Google Scholar
19. Dobson, AJ, Alexander, HM, Malcolm, JA, et al. Heart attacks and the Newcastle earthquake. Med J Aust. 1991;155(11-12):757-761.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Kario, K, McEwen, BS, Pickering, TG. Disasters and the heart: a review of the effects of earthquake-induced stress on cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res. 2003;26(5):355-367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Steptoe, A, Brydon, L. Emotional triggering of cardiac events. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009;33(2):63-70.Google Scholar
22. North, CS, Oliver, J, Pandya, A. Examining a comprehensive model of disaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder in systematically studied survivors of 10 disasters. Am J Public Health. 2012;102(10):e40-e48.Google Scholar
23. Peters, MN, Moscona, JC, Katz, MJ, et al. Natural disasters and myocardial infarction: the six years after Hurricane Katrina. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89(4):472-477.Google Scholar
24. Nakagawa, I, Nakamura, K, Oyama, M, et al. Long-term effects of the Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake in Japan on acute myocardial infarction mortality: an analysis of death certificate data. Heart. 2009;95(24):2009-2013.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25. Erskine, N, Daley, V, Stevenson, S, et al. Smoking prevalence increases following Canterbury earthquakes. Scientific World Journal. 2013 Nov 7; 2013:596957.Google Scholar
26. Cerda, M, Tracy, M, Galea, S. A prospective population based study of changes in alcohol use and binge drinking after a mass traumatic event. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011;115(1-2):1-8.Google Scholar
27. Tsubokura, M, Hara, K, Matsumura, T, et al. The immediate physical and mental health crisis in residents proximal to the evacuation zone after Japan’s nuclear disaster: an observational pilot study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2014;8(1):30-36.Google Scholar
28. The Central People's Government of People's Republic of China. Regulation on the Emergency Reponses to Destructive Earthquakes [in Chinese]. http://www.gov.cn/fwxx/bw/zgdzj/content_2260252.htm. Published 2012. Accessed October 23, 2014.Google Scholar
29. Cabinet of Japan. Large scale earthquake countermeasures act [in Chinese]. http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/S53/S53SE385.html. Published 2013. Accessed October 23, 2014.Google Scholar
30. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public Health Emergency Response Guide for State, Local, and Tribal Public Health Directors - Version 2.0. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/planning/responseguide.asp. Published April 2011. Accessed October 23, 2014.Google Scholar
31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public health emergency response: a guide for leaders and responders. http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/ehs/topics/emergencypreparedness.htm. Published 2007. Accessed October 23, 2014.Google Scholar