Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T06:29:25.125Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Development of the Dimensions of Adult Mastery Motivation Questionnaire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2016

Jacqueline Doherty-Bigara
Affiliation:
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
Linda Gilmore*
Affiliation:
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
*
Address for correspondence: Linda Gilmore, Faculty of Education, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove QLD 4059. Email: l.gilmore@qut.edu.au
Get access

Abstract

Mastery motivation is an important developmental construct that has implications for development across the lifespan. Research to date has focused predominantly on infants and children, with the Dimensions of Mastery Questionnaire (DMQ) being the most widely used measure of mastery motivation. This article reports on the development and initial validation of an adult measure: the Dimensions of Adult Mastery Motivation Questionnaire (DAMMQ). Six hundred and twenty-eight adults (68% female) aged from 18 to 90 years completed the questionnaire. Factor analysis produced 24 items that represented five factors: task persistence, preference for challenge, task-related pleasure, task absorption, and self-efficacy. The DAMMQ was found to have good internal consistency, test-retest reliability and concurrent validity. Within group differences for age, gender and education are reported. The development of the DAMMQ paves the way for future research about mastery motivation in adult populations.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Australian Psychological Society Ltd 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2011). Fifty years of labour force: Now and then. In Australian social trends: Using statistics to print a picture of Australian society (Cat. No. 4102.0). Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Main+Features30Dec+2011Google Scholar
Barrett, K.C., & Morgan, G.A. (1995). Continuities and discontinuities in mastery motivation during infancy and toddlerhood: A conceptualization and review. In MacTurk, R.H. & Morgan, G.A. (Eds.), Mastery motivation: Origins, concepts and applications (vol. 12, pp. 5793). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.Google Scholar
Barrett, K.C., Morgan, G.A., & Maslin-Cole, C.A. (1993). Three studies on the development of mastery motivation in infancy and toddlerhood. In Messer, D.J. (Ed.), Mastery motivation in early childhood: Development, measurement and social processes (pp. 84108). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Baumwoll, R. (1983). The effects of perceived control on mastery motivation, perceived competence and cognitive performance in the older adult. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University.Google Scholar
Boggiano, A.K., Main, D.S., & Katz, P. (1988). Children's preference for challenge: The role of perceived competence and control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 134141.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Broussard, S.C., & Garrison, M.E.B. (2004). The relationship between classroom motivation and academic achievement in elementary-school-aged children. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 33, 106120. doi:10.1177/1077727X04269573CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buja, A., & Eyuboglu, N. (1992). Remarks on parallel analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 27, 509540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burlison, J.D., Murphy, C.S., & Dwyer, W.O. (2009). Evaluation of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire for predicting academic performance in college students of varying scholastic aptitude. College Student Journal, 43, 13131323.Google Scholar
Busch-Rossnagel, N.A., & Morgan, G.A. (2013). Introduction to section three: Overview and analysis. In Barrett, K.C., Fox, N.A., Morgan, G.A., Fidler, D.J., & Daunhauer, L.A. (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulatory processes in development: New directions and international perspectives (pp. 247264). New York: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Chang, F., & Burns, B.M. (2005). Attention in preschoolers: Associations with effortful control and motivation. Child Development, 76, 247263. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00842.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Csikszentmihalyi, M., Abuhamdeh, S., & Nakamura, J. (2005). Flow. In Elliot, A.J. & Dweck, C.S. (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (pp. 598608). New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Deci, E.L. (1975). Intrinsic motivation. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DiStefano, C. (2006). Further investigating method effects associated with negatively worded items on self-report surveys. Structural Equation Modeling, 13, 440464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, T.G., & McKeachie, W.J. (2005). The making of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Educational Psychologist, 40, 117128. doi:s15326985ep4002_6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dweck, C.S., & Elliot, E.S. (1983). Achievement motivation. In Hetherington, E.M. (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Socialization, personality, and social development (vol. 4, 4th ed., pp. 645691). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Ennos, M.M. (2000). Just say ‘No!’: The impact of negation in survey research. Popular Measurement, 3, 3439.Google Scholar
Fairchild, A.J., Horst, J.S., Finney, S.J., & Barron, K.E. (2005). Evaluating existing and new validity evidence for the Academic Motivation Scale. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 30, 331358. doi:j.cedpsych.2004.11.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, H.S. (1985). Model of career and achievement motivation for women and men. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 22, 363390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Field, A.P. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3rd ed.). London: Sage.Google Scholar
Field, A.P., & Hole, G.J. (2003). How to design and report experiments. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Geldhof, J., Little, T.D., & Hawley, P.H. (2014). Two measures of self-regulation for young adults and late adolescents in the academic and social domains. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36, 476488. doi: 10.1177/0165025412462153CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilmore, L., & Cuskelly, M. (2011). Observational assessment and maternal reports of motivation in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 116, 153164. doi:10.1352/1944-7558-116.2.153CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gilmore, L., Cuskelly, M., & Purdie, N. (2003). Mastery motivation: Stability and predicitve validity from ages two to eight. Early Education and Development, 14, 411424. doi:10.1207/s15566935eed1404_2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harackiewicz, J.M., Tauer, J.M., Barron, K.E., & Elliot, A.J. (2002). Predicting success in college: A longitudinal study of achievement goals and ability measures as predictors of interest and performance from freshman year through graduation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94, 562575. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.562CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harter, S. (1977). The effects of social reinforcement and task difficulty level on the pleasure derived by normal and retarded children from cognitive challenge and mastery. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 24, 476494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harter, S., & Zigler, E. (1974). The assessment of effectance motivation in children. Developmental Psychology, 10, 169180. doi: 10.1037/h0036049CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helmreich, R.L., & Spence, J.T. (1978). Work and Family Orientation Questionnaire: An objective instrument to assess components of achievement motivation and attitudes toward family and career. Journal Supplement Abstract Service Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 8, 35 (MS. No. 1677).Google Scholar
Jennings, K.D., Yarrow, L., & Martin, P. (1984). Mastery motivation and cognitive development: A longitudinal study from infancy to three and one half years. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 7, 441461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaiser, H.F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 141151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lefcourt, H.M., VonBaeyer, C., Ware, E.E., & Cox, D. (1979). The multi-dimensional-multiattributional causality scale. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 11, 286304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacTurk, R.H., Morgan, G.A., & Jennings, K.D. (1995). The assessment of mastery motivation in infants and young children. In MacTurk, R.H. & Morgan, G.A. (Eds.), Mastery motivation: Origins, conceptualizations, and applications (pp. 1956). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.Google Scholar
Majnemer, A., Shevell, M., Law, M., Birnbaum, R., Chilingaryan, G., Rosenbaum, P., & Poulin, C. (2008). Participation and enjoyment of leisure activities in school-aged children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 50, 751758. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03068.xCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCall, R.B. (1995). On definitions and measures of mastery motivation. In MacTurk, R.H. & Morgan, G.A. (Eds.), Mastery motivation: Origins, conceptualizations, and applications (pp. 273292). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.Google Scholar
Miller, T.R., & Cleary, T.A. (1993). Direction of wording effects in balanced scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 53, 5160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, G.A., & Bartholomew, S. (1998, July). Assessing mastery motivation in 7 and 10 year olds. Paper presented at the National Head Start Research Conference, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Morgan, G.A., Busch-Rossnagel, N.A., Barrett, K.C., & Wang, J. (2009). The Dimensions of Mastery Questionnaire (DMQ): A manual about its development, psychometrics, and use. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University.Google Scholar
Morgan, G.A., Harmon, R.J., & Maslin-Cole, C.A. (1990). Mastery motivation: Definition and measurement. Early Education and Development, 1, 318339. doi:10.1207/s15566935eed0105_1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, G.A., Maslin-Cole, C.A., Harmon, R.J., Busch-Rossnagel, N.A., Jennings, K.D., Hauser-Cram, P., & Brockman, L. (1993). Parent and teacher perceptions of young children's mastery motivation: Assessment and review of research. In Messer, D.J. (Ed.), Mastery motivation in early childhood: Development, measurement and social processes (pp. 109131). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Petri, H.L., & Govern, J.M. (2004). Motivation: Theory, research and applications (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomas Learning.Google Scholar
Pintrich, P.R., Smith, D.A., Garcia, T., & McKeachie, W.J. (1993). Reliability and predictive validity of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Educational and Psychological Measurement, 53, 801813.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redding, R.E., Morgan, G.A., & Harmon, R.J. (1988). Mastery motivation in infants and toddlers: Is it greatest when tasks are moderately challenging? Infant Behavior and Development, 11, 419430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roszkowski, M.J., & Soven, M. (2010). Shifting gears: Consequences of including two negatively worded items in the middle of a positively worded questionnaire. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 35, 117134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schoon, I. (2008). A transgenerational model of status attainment: The potential mediating role of school motivation and education. National Institute Economic Review, 205, 7282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schunk, D.H. (1995). Self-efficacy and education and instruction. In Maddux, J.E. (Ed.), Self-efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research, and application (pp. 281303). New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schunk, D.H., & Pajares, F. (2005). Competence and perceptions of academic functioning. In Elliot, A.J. & Dweck, C.S. (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (p. 85). New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Shiner, R.L., Masten, A.S., & Roberts, J.M. (2003). Childhood personality foreshadows adult personality and life outcomes two decades later. Journal of Personality, 71, 11451170. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.7106010CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shonkoff, J.P., & Phillips, D.A. (2000). From neurons to neighbourhoods: The science of early childhood development. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Spence, J.T., & Helmreich, R.L. (1978). Masculinity and femininity: Their psychological dimensions, correlates and antecedents. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Spence, J.T., & Helmreich, R.L. (1983). Achievement-related motives and behaviours. In Spence, J.T. (Ed.), Achievement and achievement motives: Psychological and sociological approaches (pp. 1074). San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4 ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Google Scholar
Vallerand, R.J., Pelletier, L.G., Blais, M.R., Brière, N.M., Senécal, C., & Vallières, E.F. (1992). The academic motivation scale: A measure of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 10031017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vlachou, M., & Farrell, P. (2000). Object mastery motivation in pre-school children with and without disabilities. Educational Psychology, 20, 167176. doi:10.1080/713663715CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yarrow, L.J., McQuiston, S., MacTurk, R.H., McCarthy, M.E., Klein, R.P., & Vietze, P.M. (1983). Assessment of mastery motivation during the first year of life: Contemporaneous and cross-age relationships. Developmental Psychology, 19, 159171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar