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The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

George Francis ,
Zohar Kerem ,
Harinder P. S. Makkar  and
Klaus Becker
George Francis
Affiliation:
Department of Aquaculture Systems and Animal Nutrition, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Zohar Kerem
Affiliation:
Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Harinder P. S. Makkar
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagramerstr. 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
Klaus Becker*
Affiliation:
Department of Aquaculture Systems and Animal Nutrition, Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (480), D 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Dr K. Becker, fax +49 711 4593702, email kbecker@uni-hohenheim.de
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Abstract

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Saponins are steroid or triterpenoid glycosides, common in a large number of plants and plant products that are important in human and animal nutrition. Several biological effects have been ascribed to saponins. Extensive research has been carried out into the membrane-permeabilising, immunostimulant, hypocholesterolaemic and anticarcinogenic properties of saponins and they have also been found to significantly affect growth, feed intake and reproduction in animals. These structurally diverse compounds have also been observed to kill protozoans and molluscs, to be antioxidants, to impair the digestion of protein and the uptake of vitamins and minerals in the gut, to cause hypoglycaemia, and to act as antifungal and antiviral agents. These compounds can thus affect animals in a host of different ways both positive and negative.

Keywords

SaponinsSteroidsTriterpenoidsBiological activity
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 88 , Issue 6 , December 2002 , pp. 587 - 605
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2002

References

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