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Particle size effects on yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phase formation by solid-state reaction

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Abstract

The solid-state reaction of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O12) during the heat treatment of Y2O3 and Al2O3 powder mixtures, differing in particle size and size ratio, was quantified using in situ high-temperature x-ray analysis and Rietveld refinement. Y2O3 particle size has the most profound effect on YAG formation. When the Y2O3 particle size was decreased from 5000 to 30 nm (on reaction with 270 nm Al2O3), the YAG formation rate increased from 20 to 48 vol% min−1 over the temperature range of 1350–1450 °C. In this case, the final YAG content increased from 75 to 91 vol%. A simple model that includes the reactant particle coordination number, and thus particle size ratio, shows that when the size ratio (dA/dY) is >1 diffusion through the alumina powder is rate controlling whereas when the ratio is <1, diffusion through the yttria, intermediate phases, and YAG is rate controlling.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by VLOC Inc. through funds received from VLOC’s prime contract #N66001-00-c-6008. SK is particularly grateful for the support of a Royal Thai Scholarship. We also thank E. Meuschke and Baikowski Malakoff Inc. for supplying the BA-15 alumina powder used in this study.

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Author notes

  1. Sujarinee Kochawattana

    Present address: Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  2. Sang-Ho Lee

    Present address: Saint-Gobain R&D Center, Northboro, MA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Elizabeth R. Kupp, Sujarinee Kochawattana, Sang-Ho Lee & Gary L. Messing

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, Alfred, NY, 14802, USA

    Scott Misture

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  1. Elizabeth R. Kupp
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  2. Sujarinee Kochawattana
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Correspondence to Gary L. Messing.

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This author was an editor of this focus issue during the review and decision stage. For the JMR policy on review and publication of manuscripts authored by editors, please refer to http://www.mrs.org/jmr-editor-manuscripts/.

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Kupp, E.R., Kochawattana, S., Lee, SH. et al. Particle size effects on yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phase formation by solid-state reaction. Journal of Materials Research 29, 2303–2311 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.224

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.224

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