Abstract
The primary interaction is the absorption of photons by electrons. In metals free-free transitions increase the energy of the electron gas. In semiconductors and insulators electron-hole pairs are created, if the photon energy exceeds the band gap. If it is less, only multiphoton processes can initiate energy transfer from the light beam. In nearly all solid materials Auger processes and electron-phonon interactions occur on a picosecond time scale for the high density and energy of the carrier gas created by intense short laser pulses. Thus melting and evaporation of the material can occur on this time scale. These processes may be considered as the initial phases in the creation of laser produced plasmas. They have been studied by time-resolved measurements of the complex index of refraction, by electron and ion emission, by second harmonic generation, by electrical conductivity and other techniques. Fast time resolution is essential. The dynamic behavior of atoms and phase transitions in the picosecond and femtosecond regime has been opened up for experimental investigation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.F. Ready, Effects of High-Power Laser Radiation (Academic Press, New York, 1971).
D.I. Rosen, J. Mitteldorf, G. Kothandaraman, A.N. Pirri and E.R. Pugh, J. Appl. Phys. 53, 3190 (1982).
S. Anisimov, Soviet Physics JETP 27, 182 (1968).
O.N. Krokhin, in Physics of High Energy Density, edited by P. Caldirola and H. Knoepfel (Academic Press, New York, 1971), pp. 278–305.
C.J. Knight, J. Fluid Mech. 75, 469 (1976; AIAA Journal 17, 519 (1979).
T.P. Hughes, Plasmas and Laser Light (Wiley, New York, 1975).
Laser Solid Interactions and Laser Processing, edited by S.D. Ferris, H.J. Lemay and J.M. Poate (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1979).
Laser and Electron Beam Processing of Materials, edited by C.W. White and P.S. Peercy (Academic Press, New York, 1980).
Laser and Electron Beam Solid Interactions and Materials Processing, edited by J.F. Gibbons, L.D. Hess and T.W. Sigman (Elsevier North-Holland, New York, 1981), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1, (1981).
Laser and Electron Beam Interactions with Solids, edited by B.R. Appleton and G.K. Celler (Elsevier North-Holland, New York, 1982), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 4, 49 (1982).
Laser-Solid Interactions and Transient Thermal Processing of Materials, edited by J. Narayan, W.L. Brown and R.A. Lemons (Elsevier North-Holland, New York, 1983), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 13 (1983).
Laser Annealing of Semiconductors, edited by J.M. Poate and J.W. Mayer (Academic Press, New York, 1982).
Energy Beam-Solid Interactions and Transient Thermal Processing, edited by J.C.C. Fan and N.M. Johnson (Elsevier North-Holland, New York, 1984), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 23 (1984).
Energy Beam-Solid Interactions and Transient Thermal Processing, edited by D.K. Biegelsen, G.A. Rozgonyi and C.V. Shank (Elsevier North-Holland, 1985), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 35 (1985).
N. Bloembergen, reference 7, p. 1.
H. Kurz and N. Bloembergen, reference 14, p. 3, and other references quoted therein.
N. Fabricius, P. Hermes, D. von der Linde, A. Pospieszczyk and B. Stritzker, Phys. Rev. (1985) to be published. B. Danielzik, N. Fabricius, M. Rowekamp and D. von der Linde, Appl. Phys. Lett. (1985) to be published.
A.M. Malvezzi, H. Kurz and N. Bloembergen, reference 14, p. 75.
P.L. Liu, R. Yen, N. Bloembergen and R.T. Hodgson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 34, 864 (1979).
R. Tsu, R.T. Hodgson, T.Y. Tan and J.E. Baglin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1356 (1979).
S. Williamson, G. Mourou and J.C.M. Li, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2364 (1984).
A.M. Malvezzi, J.M. Liu and N. Bloembergen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 45, 1019 (1984).
C.Y. Huang, A.M. Malvezzi and N. Bloembergen, in Beam-Solid Interactions and Phase Transformations, edited by H. Kurz, G.L. Olson and J.M. Poate, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., to be published (1986).
J.G. Fujimoto, J.M. Liu, E.P. Ippen and N. Bloembergen, Phvs. Rev. Lett. 53, 1837 (1984).
C.V. Shank, in Beam-Solid Interactions and Phase Transformations, edited by H. Kurz, G.L. Olson and J.M. Poate, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. (1986) to be published.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bloembergen, N. Pulsed Laser Interactions with Condensed Matter. MRS Online Proceedings Library 51, 3–13 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-51-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-51-3