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Crystallization and high-temperature structural stability of titanium oxide nanotube arrays

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Abstract

The stability of titanium oxide nanotube arrays at elevated temperatures was studied in dry oxygen as well as dry and humid argon environments. The tubes crystallized in the anatase phase at a temperature of about 280 °C irrespective of the ambient. Anatase crystallites formed inside the tube walls and transformed completely to rutile at about 620 °C in dry environments and 570 °C in humid argon. No discernible changes in the dimensions of the tubes were found when the heat treatment was performed in oxygen. However, variations of 10% and 20% in average inner diameter and wall thickness, respectively, were observed when annealing in a dry argon atmosphere at 580 °C for 3 h. Pore shrinkage was even more pronounced in humid argon environments. In all cases the nanotube architecture was found to be stable up to approximately 580 °C, above which oxidation and grain growth in the titanium support disrupted the overlying nanotube array.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

    Oomman K. Varghese & Elizabeth C. Dickey

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering & Materials Research Institute, 217 Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

    Dawei Gong, Maggie Paulose & Craig A. Grimes

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  1. Oomman K. Varghese
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  2. Dawei Gong
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  3. Maggie Paulose
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  5. Elizabeth C. Dickey
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Correspondence to Elizabeth C. Dickey.

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Varghese, O.K., Gong, D., Paulose, M. et al. Crystallization and high-temperature structural stability of titanium oxide nanotube arrays. Journal of Materials Research 18, 156–165 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2003.0022

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