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Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

T. Tony Trinh ,
Philip A. Chan ,
Omega Edwards ,
Brian Hollenbeck ,
Brian Huang ,
Nancy Burdick ,
Julie A. Jefferson  and
Leonard A. Mermel
T. Tony Trinh
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
Philip A. Chan
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
Omega Edwards
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
Brian Hollenbeck
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
Brian Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
Nancy Burdick
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
Julie A. Jefferson
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Infection Control, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
Leonard A. Mermel*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Epidemiology and Infection Control, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
*
Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903 (lmermel@lifespan.org)
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Abstract

Objective.

Better understand the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of peripheral venous catheter (PVC)-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Design.

Retrospective study of PVC-related S. aureus bacteremias in adult patients from July 2005 through March 2008. A point-prevalence survey was performed January 9, 2008, on adult inpatients to determine PVC utilization; patients with a PVC served as a cohort to assess risk factors for PVC-related S. aureus bacteremia.

Setting.

Tertiary care teaching hospital.

Results.

Twenty-four (18 definite and 6 probable) PVC-related S. aureus bacteremias were identified (estimated incidence density, 0.07 per 1,000 catheter-days), with a median duration of catheterization of 3 days (interquartile range, 2-6). Patients with PVC-related S. aureus bacteremia were significantly more likely to have a PVC in the antecubital fossa (odds ratio [OR], 6.5), a PVC placed in the emergency department (OR, 6.0), or a PVC placed at an outside hospital (P = .005), with a longer duration of catheterization (P < .001). These PVCs were significantly less likely to have been inserted in the hand (OR, 0.23) or placed on an inpatient medical unit (OR, 0.17). Mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 19 days (95% confidence interval, 15-23 days); 42% (10/24) of cases encountered complications. We estimate that there may be as many as 10,028 PVC-related S. aureus bacteremias yearly in US adult hospitalized inpatients.

Conclusion.

PVC-related S. aureus bacteremia is an underrecognized complication. PVCs inserted in the emergency department or at outside institutions, PVCs placed in the antecubital fossa, and those with prolonged dwell times are associated with such infections.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 32 , Issue 6 , June 2011 , pp. 579 - 583
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2011

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