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When does a granular material behave like a continuum fluid?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2012

John R. de Bruyn
John R. de Bruyn*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6G 2R1, Canada
*
†Email address for correspondence: debruyn@uwo.ca
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Abstract

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A flowing granular material can behave like a collection of individual interacting grains or like a continuum fluid, depending in large part on the energy imparted to the grains. As yet, however, we have no general understanding of how or under what conditions the fluid limit is reached. Marston, Li & Thoroddsen (J. Fluid Mech., this issue, vol. 704, 2012, pp. 5–36) use high-speed imaging to investigate the ejection of grains from a granular bed due to the impact of a spherical projectile. Their high temporal resolution allows them to study the very fast processes that take place immediately following the impact. They demonstrate that for very fine grains and high impact energies, the dynamics of the ejecta is both qualitatively and quantitatively similar to what is seen in analogous experiments with fluid targets.

JFM classification

Granular media: Granular media Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Fluidized beds
Type
Focus on Fluids
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 704 , 10 August 2012 , pp. 1 - 4
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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