Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-nwzlb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-29T06:04:35.168Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Elevation of feed intake in parasite-infected lambs by central administration of a cholecystokinin receptor antagonist

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Robyn A. Dynes**
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
Dennis P. Poppi
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
Graham K. Barrell
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
Andrew R. Sykes
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding author:Dr R. A. Dynes, fax +61 8 9387 8991, email r.dynes@ccmar.csiro.au
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in modulating feed intake depression in parasite-infected lambs was investigated using CCK receptor antagonists (L364–718 and loxiglumide). Four experiments were carried out using ewe lambs infected with 4000 Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae/d or non-infected controls (n 8, live weight 25 kg). Animals were fed daily on a nutritionally complete pelleted diet and had free access to water. In the first experiment, infected and non-infected animals were injected subcutaneously with CCK antagonist (100 μg L364–718) or carrier alone as a single dose. In the second experiment, CCK antagonist (loxiglumide: 0, 5, 10 or 20mg/kg live weight) was injected into a jugular vein immediately before feeding. In the third experiment, animals were infused continuously with the CCK antagonist (loxiglumide; 10mg/kg per h) for 10 min before feeding and for the first 2 h of feeding. In the final experiment, lambs were fitted with an indwelling cerebral ventricular cannula and infused with a CCK antagonist (loxiglumide, 162μg/min), CCK agonist (CCK-8, 2.5 pmol/min), loxiglumide plus CCK-8 or sterile saline solution alone via the cannula for 30 min before feeding and for the first 60 min of feeding. In all the experiments short-term feed intake was recorded at 10 and 15 min intervals for the first and second hours of feeding respectively, then at hourly intervals for the remainder of the 8 h recording period. Peripheral injection with L364–718 or loxiglumide did not elevate feed intake in either the infected or non-infected animals. However, feed intake was increased (P < 0.05) in the short term by central infusion of loxiglumide, this effect being greater in the infected animals and apparently due to an elevation in intake during the second hour of feeding. CCK-8 depressed short term feed intake only in the infected animals (P < 0.05). Total daily feed consumption was not influenced by any of the pharmacological agents. The results indicate an involvement of central CCK receptors in regulation of feed intake depression following gastrointestinal parasitism of sheep and the possibility of a similar role in non-infected sheep. They do not support the singular importance of a peripheral action of CCK in determining satiety.

Cholecystokinin: Loxiglumide: Feed intake: Gastrointestinal parasites

Type
Animal Nutrition
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1998

References

Baldwin, BA, de la Riva, C & Gerskowitch, VP (1994) Effect of a novel CCK-A receptor antagonist (2-NAP) on the reduction in food intake produced by CCK in pigs. Physiology and Behavior 55, 175179.Google Scholar
Chang, RSL & Lotti, VJ (1986) Biochemical and pharmacological characterisation of an extremely potent and selective nonpeptide cholecystokinin antagonist. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 83, 49234926.Google Scholar
Corrazziari, E, Ricci, R, Biliotti, D, Bontempi, I, De Medici, A, Pallotta, N & Torsoli, A (1990) Oral administration of loxiglumide CCK antagonist inhibits postprandial gall bladder contraction without affecting gastric emptying. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 35, 5054.Google Scholar
Della-Fera, MA & Baile, CA (1979) Cholecystokinin octapeptide: continuous picomole injections into the cerebral ventricles suppress feeding. Science 206, 471473.Google Scholar
Della-Fera, MA & Baile, CA (1981) Cholecystokinin antibody injected into cerebral ventricles stimulated feeding in sheep. Science 212, 687689.Google Scholar
Dynes, RA, Ankersmit, AEL, Poppi, DP, Sykes, AR & Barrell, GK (1990) Studies on the physiological basis of appetite depression in nematode infection in sheep. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 50, 249254.Google Scholar
Dynes, RA, Poppi, DP, Barrell, GK & Sykes, AR (1991) Effects of fasting and an opioid antagonist on feed intake in lambs injected with intestinal parasites. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 51, 371374.Google Scholar
Faichney, GJ (1975) The use of markers to partition digestion within the gastro-intestinal tract of ruminants. In Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant, pp. 277291 [McDonald, IW and Warner, ACI, editors]. Armidale, NSW: University of New England Publishing Unit.Google Scholar
Farningham, DAH, Mercer, JG & Lawrence, CB (1993) Satiety signals in sheep: involvement of CCK, propionate, and vagal CCK binding sites. Physiology and Behavior 54, 437442.Google Scholar
Forbes, JM (1980) A model of the short-term control of feeding. Appetite 1, 2141.Google Scholar
Gregory, PC, Miller, SJ & Brewer, AC (1985 a) The relation between food intake and abomasal emptying and small intestinal transit time in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 53, 373380.Google Scholar
Gregory, PC, Wenham, G, Poppi, DP, Coop, RL, MacRae, JC & Miller, SJ (1985 b) The influence of a chronic subclinical infection of Trichostrongylus colubriformis on gastrointestinal motility and digesta flow in sheep. Parasitology 91, 381386.Google Scholar
Hecker, JF (1974) Experimental Surgery on Small Ruminants. London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Hoebel, BG (1985) Integrative peptides. Brain Research Bulletin 14, 525528.Google Scholar
Makovec, F, Bani, M, Cereda, R, Chiste, R, Revel, L, Rovati, LC, Setnikar, I & Rovati, LA (1986) Protective effect of CR 1409 on experimental pancreatitis in rats and mice. Peptides 7, 11591164.Google Scholar
Marson, I, Lauterio, TL, Baile, CA & Della-Fera, MA (1986) Comparative distribution of cholecystokinin, met-enkephalin and dynorphin A in sheep and rats hypothalamus. Society of Neuroscience Abstracts 12, 297.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1979) Manual of Veterinary Parasitology Techniques. Technical Bulletin no. 18, London: H.M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Moran, TH & McHugh, PR (1988) Gastric and nongastric mechanisms for satiety action of cholecystokinin. American Journal of Physiology 254, R628R632.Google Scholar
Morley, JE, Levin, AS & Knelp, J (1981) Muscimol induced feeding: a model to study the hypothalamic regulation of appetite. Life Science 29, 12131218.Google Scholar
Parrott, RF (1993) Peripheral and central effects of CCK receptor agonists on operant feeding in pigs. Physiology and Behavior 53, 367372.Google Scholar
Poppi, DP, Sykes, AR & Dynes, RA (1990) The effect of endoparasitism on host nutrition - the implications for nutrient manipulation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 50, 237244.Google Scholar
Rayner, DV & Miller, S (1993) Voluntary intake and gastric emptying in pigs: effects of fat and a CCK inhibitor. Physiology and Behavior 54, 917922.Google Scholar
Scallett, AC, Della-Fera, MA & Baile, CA (1985) Satiety, hunger and regional brain content of cholecystokinin and metenkephalin in sheep. Peptides 6, 937.Google Scholar
Setnikar, I, Bani, M, Cereda, R, Chiste, R, Makovec, F, Palini, MA & Revel, L (1987 a) Loxiglumide protects against experimental pancreatitis. Drug Research 37(II), 11721174.Google Scholar
Setnikar, I, Bani, M, Cereda, R, Chiste, R, Makovec, F, Palini, MA, Revel, L, Rovati, LC & Rovati, LA (1987 b) Pharmacological characterisation of a new potent and specific nonpolypeptidic cholecystokinin antagonist. Drug Research 37(I), 703707.Google Scholar
Steel, JW, Symons, LEA & Jones, WO (1980) Effects of level of larval intake on the productivity and physiology and metabolic responses of lambs infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 31, 821828.Google Scholar
Symons, LEA & Hennessy, DR (1981) Cholecystokinin and anorexia in sheep infected by the intestinal nematode. Trichostrongylus colubriformis. International Journal of Parasitology 11, 5558.Google Scholar