Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-8mjnm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-27T12:06:33.876Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The compressible turbulent shear layer: an experimental study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2006

Dimitri Papamoschou
Affiliation:
Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Anatol Roshko
Affiliation:
Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

Abstract

The growth rate and turbulent structure of the compressible, plane shear layer are investigated experimentally in a novel facility. In this facility, it is possible to flow similar or dissimilar gases of different densities and to select different Mach numbers for each stream. Ten combinations of gases and Mach numbers are studied in which the free-stream Mach numbers range from 0.2 to 4. Schlieren photography of 20-ns exposure time reveals very low spreading rates and large-scale structures. The growth of the turbulent region is defined by means of Pitot-pressure profiles measured at several streamwise locations. A compressibility-effect parameter is defined that correlates and unifies the experimental results. It is the Mach number in a coordinate system convecting with the velocity of the dominant waves and structures of the shear layer, called here the convective Mach number. It happens to have nearly the same value for each stream. In the current experiments, it ranges from 0 to 1.9. The correlations of the growth rate with convective Mach number fall approximately onto one curve when the growth rate is normalized by its incompressible value at the same velocity and density ratios. The normalized growth rate, which is unity for incompressible flow, decreases rapidly with increasing convective Mach number, reaching an asymptotic vaue of about 0.2 for supersonic convective Mach numbers.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1988 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bailey, H. A. & Kuethe, A. M.1957 Supersonic mixing of jets and turbulent boundary layers. WADC Tech. Rep. 57402.Google Scholar
Bernal, L. P.1981 The coherent structure of turbulent mixing layers. Ph.D. thesis, California Institute of Technology.
Birch, S. L. & Eggers, J. M.1973 A critical review of the experimental data for developed free turbulent shear layers. NASA SP-321, pp. 943949.Google Scholar
Blumen, W., Drazin, D. G. & Billings, D. F.1975 Shear layer instability of an inviscid compressible fluid. Part 2. J. Fluid Mech. 71, 305316.Google Scholar
Bogdanoff, D. W.1983 Compressibility effects in turbulent shear layers. AIAA J. 21, 926927.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, P.1966 The effect of initial conditions on the development of a free shear layer. J. Fluid Mech. 26, 225236.Google Scholar
Breidenthal, R.1981 Structure in turbulent mixing layers and wakes using a chemical reaction. J. Fluid Mech. 109, 124.Google Scholar
Brown, G. L.1974 The entrainment and large structure in turbulent mixing layers. Fifth Australian Conf. on Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 352359.
Brown, G. L. & Roshko, A.1974 On density effects and large structures in turbulent mixing layers. J. Fluid Mech. 64, 775781.Google Scholar
Chinzei, N., Masuya, G., Komuro, T., Murakami, A. & Kudou, K. 1986 Spreading of two-stream supersonic mixing layers. Phys. Fluid 29, 13451347.Google Scholar
Coles, D.1981 Prospects for useful research on coherent structure in the turbulent shear flow. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 4, 111127.Google Scholar
Cosner, R. R.1976 Experiments on thin airfoils spanning a transonic shear flow. Ph.D. thesis. California Institute of Technology.
Demetriades, A. & Brower, T. L.1982 Experimental study of transition in a compressible free shear layer. AFOSR-TR 83–0144.Google Scholar
Dimotakis, P. E.1986 Two-dimensional shear-layer entrainment. AIAA J. 24, 17911796.Google Scholar
Dimotakis, P. E. & Brown, G. L.1976 The mixing layer at high Reynolds number: large structure dynamics and entrainment. J. Fluid Mech. 78, 535560.Google Scholar
Dutton, J. C., Mikkelsen, C. D. & Addy, A. L.1982 A theoretical and experimental investigation of the constant-area, supersonic ejector. AIAA J. 20, 13921400.Google Scholar
Gropengiesser, H.1970 Study of the stability of boundary layers in compressible fluids. NASA TT-F-12, p. 786.Google Scholar
Ikawa, H. & Kubota, T.1975 Investigation of supersonic turbulent mixing with zero pressure gradient. AIAA J. 13, 566572.Google Scholar
Konrad, J. H.1976 An experimental investigation of mixing in two-dimensional turbulent shear flows with applications to diffusion-limited chemical reactions Ph.D. thesis, California Institute of Technology.
Landau, L.1944 Stability of tangential discontinuities in compressible fluid. Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 44, 139141.Google Scholar
Lees, L. & Gold, H.1965 Stability of laminar wakes. In Fundamental Phenomena in Hypersonic Flow, pp. 310337. Cornell University Press.
Lessen, M., Fox, J. A. & Zien, H. M.1965 On the inviscid stability of the laminar mixing of two parallel streams of a compressible fluid. J. Fluid Mech. 23, 355367.Google Scholar
Lin, C. C.1953 On the stability of the laminar mixing region between two parallel streams in a gas. NACA TN 2887.Google Scholar
Mack, L. M.1984 Boundary-layer linear stability theory. AGARD Rep. 709.Google Scholar
Maydew, R. C. & Reed, J. F.1963 Turbulent mixing of compressible shear layers. AIAA J. I, 14431444.Google Scholar
Miles, J. W.1958 On the disturbed motion of a plane vortex sheet. J. Fluid Mech. 4, 538552.Google Scholar
Morkovin, M. V.1987 Transition at hypersonic speeds. NASA CR 178315, ICASE Interim Rep. 1.Google Scholar
Oertel, H.1979 Mach wave radiation of hot supersonic jets investigated by means of the shock tube and new optical techniques. Proc. 12th Intl Symp. of Shock Tubes and Waves. Jerusalem, pp. 266275.
Ortwerth, P. J. & Shine, A. J.1977 On the scaling of plane turbulent shear layers. AFWL-TR-77–118.Google Scholar
Pai, S. I.1954 On the stability of a vortex sheet in an inviscid compressible fluid. J. Aero. Sci. 21, 325328.Google Scholar
Papamoschou, D.1986 Experimental investigation of heterogeneous compressible shear layers Ph.D. thesis, California Institute of Technology.
Papamoschou, D. & Roshko, A.1986 Observations of supersonic free shear layers. AIAA-86–0162.Google Scholar
Rott, N. & Crabtree, L. F.1952 Simplified laminar boundary-layer calculation for bodies of revolution and for yawed wings. J. Aero. Sci. 19, 553565.Google Scholar
Shackleford, W. L., Witte, A. B., Broadwell, J. E., Trost, J. E. & Jacobs, T. A. 1973 Experimental studies of chemically reactive flow in supersonic free jet mixing layers. AIAA-73–640.Google Scholar
Sirieix, M. & Solignac, J. L.1966 Contribution a l'etude experimentale de la couche de melange turbulent isobare d'un ecoulement supersonique. Symposium on Separated Flow, AGARD Conf. Proc. 4, 241270.Google Scholar
Spencer, B. W. & Jones, B. G.1971 Statistical investigation of pressure and velocity fields in the turbulent two-stream mixing layer. AIAA-71–613.Google Scholar