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Dietary isohumulones, the bitter components of beer, raise plasma HDL-cholesterol levels and reduce liver cholesterol and triacylglycerol contents similar to PPARα activations in C57BL/6 mice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Yutaka Miura ,
Mayu Hosono ,
Chiaki Oyamada ,
Hideharu Odai ,
Shinichi Oikawa  and
Keiji Kondo
Yutaka Miura*
Affiliation:
Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohamashi, 236-0004, Japan
Mayu Hosono
Affiliation:
Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohamashi, 236-0004, Japan
Chiaki Oyamada
Affiliation:
Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohamashi, 236-0004, Japan
Hideharu Odai
Affiliation:
Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohamashi, 236-0004, Japan
Shinichi Oikawa
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
Keiji Kondo
Affiliation:
Central Laboratories for Key Technology, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohamashi, 236-0004, Japan
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Yutaka Miura, fax +81 45 788 4042, email yu-miura@kirin.co.jp
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Abstract

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The effects of dietary isohumulones, the main components accounting for the bitter taste of beer, on lipid metabolism were examined. Young female C57BL/6N mice were fed diets containing isomerized hop extract (IHE), which consists mainly of isohumulones. Administration of IHE with an atherogenic (high-fat and high-cholesterol) diet for 2 weeks resulted in a significant increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol (P<0·01), along with a concomitant reduction in the atherosclerosis index, an increase in liver weight and a decrease in body weight gain in a dose-dependent manner. When animals received IHE with either a cholesterol or a basal diet for 1 week, significant decreases in the liver content of cholesterol (P<0·01) and triacylglycerol (cholesterol diet, P<0·01) were observed. Quantitative analyses of hepatic mRNA levels revealed that IHE administration resulted in up-regulation of mRNA for acyl-CoA oxidase, acyl-CoA synthetase, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthetase, lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid transport protein, and down-regulation of mRNA for Apo CIII and Apo AI. Administration of purified isohumulones effectively resulted in the same changes as IHE. Administration of fenofibrate, an agonist for PPARα, with a cholesterol diet caused marked hepatomegaly, an increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol, a decrease in hepatic cholesterol content, and alterations in hepatic mRNA levels similar to those observed in mice given IHE. Taken together, these results suggest that the modulation of lipid metabolism observed in mice fed diets containing isohumulones is, at least in part, mediated by activation of PPARα.

Keywords

IsohumulonesBeerPPARαLipid metabolism
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 93 , Issue 4 , April 2005 , pp. 559 - 567
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

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