Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T09:04:30.960Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Mussel Watch

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Edward D. Goldberg
Affiliation:
Geological Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
Vaughan T. Bowen
Affiliation:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
John W. Farrington
Affiliation:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
George Harvey
Affiliation:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
John H. Martin
Affiliation:
Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Moss Landing, California 95039, USA
Patrick L. Parker
Affiliation:
Marine Station, University of Texas, Port Aransas, Texas 78373, USA
Robert W. Risebrough
Affiliation:
Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 247, Bodega Bay, California 94923, USA
William Robertson
Affiliation:
Commission on Natural Resources, National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20418, USA,
Eric Schneider
Affiliation:
Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, South Ferry Road, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA
Eric Gamble
Affiliation:
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.

Extract

The levels of four sets of pollutants (heavy-metals, artificial radionuclides, petroleum components, and halogenated hydrocarbons), have been measured in U.S. coastal waters, using bivalves as sentinel organisms. The strategies of carrying out this programme are outlined and the results from the first year's work are given. Varying degrees of pollution in U.S. coastal waters have been indicated by elevated levels of pollutants in the bivalves, which comprised certain species of mussels and oysters and were collected at over one hundred localities.

Type
Main Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 1978

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blumer, M., Souza, G. & Sass, J. (1970). Hydrocarbon pollution of edible shellfish by an oil spill. Mar. Biol., 5, pp. 195202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boehm, P. D. & Quinn, J. G. (1976). The effect of dissolved organic matter in sea water on the uptake of mixed individual hydrocarbons and Number 2 fuel oil by a marine filter-feeding bivalve (Mercenaria mercenaria). Est. Coastal Mar. Sci., 4, pp. 93105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, V. T. & Livingston, H. D. (MS.). Radionuclide Distributions in Sediments of Marine Areas used for Dumping Solidified Radioactive Wastes.Google Scholar
Bruland, K. W., Bertine, K., Koide, M. & Goldberg, E. D. (1974). History of metal pollution in southern California coastal zone. Environ. Sci. Technol., 8, pp. 425–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, P. A. (1973). Residues in fish, wildlife and estuaries. Pest. Monit. Bull., 6, pp. 238–62.Google ScholarPubMed
Clark, R. C. Jr & Finley, J. S. (1975). Uptake and loss of petroleum hydrocarbons by the mussel, Mytilus edulis, in laboratory experiments. Fish. Bull. U.S. NMFS, 73, pp. 508–15.Google Scholar
Disalvo, L. H., Guard, H. E. & Hunt, L. (1975). Tissue hydrocarbon burden of mussel as potential monitor of environmental insult. Environ. Sci. Technol., 9, pp. 247–51.Google Scholar
Farrington, J. W., Teal, J. M. & Parker, P. L. (1976). Petroleum hydrocarbons. Pp. 334 in Strategies for Marine Pollution Monitoring (Ed. Goldberg, E. D.). John Wiley-Inter-science, New York, N.Y.: x + 310 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Holden, A. V. (1973). International cooperative study of organochlorine and mercury residues in wildlife, 1969–71. Pest. Monit. Bull., 7, pp. 3752.Google ScholarPubMed
Hom, W., Risebrough, R. W, Soutar, A. & Young, D. R. (1974). Deposition of DDE and polychlorinated biphenyls in dated sediments of the Santa Barbara basin. Science, 184, pp. 1, 197–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackim, E., Morrison, G. & Steele, R. (1976). Effects of environmental factors on radiocadmium uptake by four species of marine bivalves. Mar. Biol., 40, pp. 303–8.Google Scholar
Kupeerman, S. L., Livingston, H. D., Aarkrog, A. & Bowen, V. T. (MS.). Radioactive Effluent from Windscale as a Per-turbation of the Fallout Tracer Experiment in the North Atlantic Ocean.Google Scholar
Livingston, H. D. & Bowen, V. T. (1976 a). Americium in the Marine environment-relationships to plutonium. Pp. 107–30 in Environmental Toxicity of Aquatic Radionuclides: Models and Mechanisms (Ed. Miller, Morton W. & Stannard, J. Newell). Science Publishers, Ann Arbor, Michigan: [not avaitable for checking].Google Scholar
Livingston, H. D. & Bowen, V. T. (1976 b). Plutonium and 137 Cesium Distribution Patterns in Coastal Sediments of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. [Presented at] Symposium on Environmental Chemistry and Cycling Processes, Augusta, Georgia, April 1976.Google Scholar
Livingston, H. D., Bowen, V. T. & Burke, J. C. (1976). Fallout Radionuclides in Mediterranean Sediments. [Presented at] XXVth Congress of the International Commission of the Mediterranean Sea, Split, Yugoslavia, October 1976.Google Scholar
Livingston, H. D., Schneider, D. L. & Bowen, V. T. (1975). 241Pu in the marine environment by a radiochemical procedure. Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett., 25, pp. 361–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noshkin, V. E. & Bowen, V. T. (1973). Concentrations and distributions of long-lived fallout radionuclides in open sediments. Pp. 671–86 in Radioactive Contamination of the Marine Environment, IAEA, Vienna, Austria: [not available for checking].Google Scholar
Noshkin, V. E., Wong, K. M., Eagle, R. J., Jokela, P. & Brunk, J. (in press). Radionuclides in the Coastal Area Near San Francisco. UCRL Report, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, San Francisco, California.Google Scholar
Pentreath, R. J. & Lovett, M. B. (1976). Occurrence of Plutonium and americium in Plaice from the northeastern Irish Sea. Nature (London), 262, pp. 814–16.Google Scholar
Phillips, D. J. H. (1977). Effects of salinity on the net uptake of zinc by the common Mussel Mytilus edulis. Mar. Biol., 41, pp. 7988.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Risebrough, R. W., Lappe, B. W. DE & Schmidt, T. T. (1976). Bioaccumulation factors of chlorinated hydrocarbons between mussels and sea-water. Mar. Poll. Bull., 7, pp. 225–8.Google Scholar
Sholkovitz, E. R. (1976). Flocculation of dissolved organic and inorganic matter during the mixing of river water and sea-water. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 40, pp. 831–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stegeman, J. J. & Teal, J. M. (1973). Accumulation, release and retention of petroleum hydrocarbons by the oyster Crassostrea virginica. Mar. Biol., 22, pp. 3744.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volchok, H. L., Bowen, V. T., Folsom, T. R., Broecker, W. S., Schuert, E. A. & Bien, G. S. (1971). Oceanic distributions of radionuclides from nuclear explosions. Pp. 4289 in Radioactivity in the Marine Environment (Ed. Seymour, A. H.). NAS-NRC, Washington, D.C.: [not available for checking]Google Scholar