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Outbreaks of Norwalk-like virus-associated gastroenteritis traced to shellfish: coexistence of two genotypes in one specimen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

M. Sugieda ,
K. Nakajima  and
S. Nakajima
M. Sugieda
Affiliation:
Shizouka Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, 4–27–2, Kitaando, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 420, Japan
K. Nakajima
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, Medical School, Nagoya City University, 1, Kawasumi, Mizuho-chou, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 467, Japan
S. Nakajima*
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, The Institute of Public Health, 4–6–1, Shirokanedai 4 Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan
*
* Author for correspondence.
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We determined the nucleotide sequences of Norwalk-like viruses in 10 PCR products from stool or oyster specimens obtained from four outbreaks of gastroenteritis in which shellfish was suspected as the cause in Shizuoka prefecture in Japan between 1987–94. The sequences were determined from nucleotide positions 4561–852 (292 bp) in the polymerase region. Two types of sequences were detected. One (genotype 1) had 87% sequence homology with the prototype Norwalk virus, and the other (genotype 2) had 59 % sequence homology. The sequences from isolates belonging to the same genotype were almost the same regardless of the year of isolation. Because sequences of 2 genotypes were detected in 2 of the 4 outbreaks, nested PCR was performed with genotype-specific primers to detect the presence of 2 genotypes in the same specimen. In 5 of 10 specimens, PCR bands were detected with both genotype-specific primers, indicating the coexistence of 2 genotypes in 1 specimen. We also detected two genotypes of Norwalk-like virus in an oyster from a sample implicated in one of the outbreaks which may provide direct evidence of oysters as the cause of the gastroenteritis.

Type
Special Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 116 , Issue 3 , June 1996 , pp. 339 - 346
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

References

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