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Color space distortions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 September 2006

CLAUDIA FEITOSA-SANTANA
Affiliation:
Depto. Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil Núcleo de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
NESTOR N. OIWA
Affiliation:
Depto. Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil Depto. F ísica Geral, Instituto de F ísica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
GALINA V. PARAMEI
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
DAVID BIMLER
Affiliation:
Department of Health and Human Development, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
MARCELO F. COSTA
Affiliation:
Depto. Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil Núcleo de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
MARCOS LAGO
Affiliation:
Depto. Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil Núcleo de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
MAURO NISHI
Affiliation:
Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
DORA F. VENTURA
Affiliation:
Depto. Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil Núcleo de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract

Color vision impairment was examined in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) without retinopathy. We assessed the type and degree of distortions of individual color spaces. DM2 patients (n = 32), and age-matched controls (n = 20) were tested using the Farnsworth D-15 and the Lanthony D-15d tests. In addition, subsets of caps from both tests were employed in a triadic procedure (Bimler & Kirkland, 2004). Matrices of inter-cap subjective dissimilarities were estimated from each subject's “odd-one-out” choices, and processed using non-metric multidimensional scaling. Two-dimensional color spaces, individual and group (DM2 patients; controls), were reconstructed, with the axes interpreted as the R/G and B/Y perceptual opponent systems. Compared to controls, patient results were not significant for the D-15 and D-15d. In contrast, in the triadic procedure the residual distances were significantly different compared to controls: right eye, P = 0.021, and left eye, P = 0.022. Color space configurations for the DM2 patients were compressed along the B/Y and R/G dimensions. The present findings agree with earlier studies demonstrating diffuse losses in early stages of DM2. The proposed method of testing uses color spaces to represent discrimination and provides more differentiated quantitative diagnosis, which may be interpreted as the perceptual color system affected. In addition, it enables the detection of very mild color vision impairment that is not captured by the D-15d test. Along with fundoscopy, individual color spaces may serve for monitoring early functional changes and thereby to support a treatment strategy.

Type
CLINICAL PSYCHOPHYSICS
Copyright
© 2006 Cambridge University Press

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