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Salmonella enterica serotype Javiana infections associated with amphibian contact, Mississippi, 2001

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2004

P. SRIKANTIAH ,
J. C. LAY ,
S. HAND ,
J. A. CRUMP ,
J. CAMPBELL ,
M. S. VAN DUYNE ,
R. BISHOP ,
R. MIDDENDOR ,
M. CURRIER  and
P. S. MEAD
...Show all authors
P. SRIKANTIAH
Affiliation:
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
J. C. LAY
Affiliation:
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
S. HAND
Affiliation:
Mississippi State Department of Health, Jackson, MS, USA
J. A. CRUMP
Affiliation:
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
J. CAMPBELL
Affiliation:
Mississippi State Department of Health, Jackson, MS, USA
M. S. VAN DUYNE
Affiliation:
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
R. BISHOP
Affiliation:
Biostatistics and Information Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
R. MIDDENDOR
Affiliation:
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
M. CURRIER
Affiliation:
Mississippi State Department of Health, Jackson, MS, USA
P. S. MEAD
Affiliation:
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
K. MØLBAK
Affiliation:
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract

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Salmonella Javiana is a Salmonella serotype that is restricted geographically in the United States to the Southeast. During the summer of 2001, the number of reported S. Javiana infections in Mississippi increased sevenfold. To identify sources of infection, we conducted a case-control study, defining a case as an infection with S. Javiana between August and September in a Mississippi resident. We enrolled 55 cases and 109 controls. Thirty (55%) case patients reported exposure to amphibians, defined as owning, touching, or seeing an amphibian on one's property, compared with 30 (29%) controls (matched odds ratio 2·8, P=0·006). Contact with amphibians and their environments may be a risk factor for human infection with S. Javiana. The geographic pattern of S. Javiana infections in the United States mimics the distribution of certain amphibian species in the Southeast. Public health officials should consider amphibians as potential sources of salmonellosis, and promote hand washing after contact with amphibians.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 132 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 273 - 281
Copyright
© 2003 Cambridge University Press