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New advances in the field of planetary nebulae from ultraviolet observations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2012

Luciana Bianchi
Luciana Bianchi*
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore, MD 21218-2695, USA email: bianchi@pha.jhu.edu
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Abstract

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The ultraviolet (UV) domain, in particular shortwards of Lyα, provides unique information to unravel the physical parameters of Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae (CSPNe) and the paths for this elusive final stage of stellar evolution, thanks to a wealth of diagnostic transitions from ionic species not observable at other wavelengths. Intermediate mass stars are the major providers of important elements like C and N. Understanding how they shed most of their initial mass is critical for understanding the chemical enrichment of the ISM. Mass-loss diagnostic lines abound at UV wavelengths, and when the CSPN reaches the hottest Teff before turning on the WD-cooling sequence, and the wind fades, the last wind lines to disappear are found in the far-UV, as well as diagnostic lines for elements such as Ne. This domain also offers a host of H2 transitions, tracing the circum-stellar material expelled in previous phases. UV images and spectra of PNe add critical constraints to their ionization structure and to some abundances. Finally, the recent GALEX sky surveys in two UV bands afforded the first unbiased census of hot white dwarfs (WD) and post-AGB objects in the Milky Way, significantly expanding known catalogs and providing statistical constraints to the initial-final mass relation.

Keywords

stars: AGB and post-AGBstars: atmospheresstars: abundancesstars: fundamental parametersstars: mass lossstars: windsoutflowswhite dwarfsplanetary nebulae: generalGalaxy: stellar contentultraviolet: starssurveyscatalogs
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 7 , Symposium S283: Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future , July 2011 , pp. 45 - 52
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2012

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