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Historical overview of planetary nebulae research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2012

Sun Kwok
Sun Kwok*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China email: sunkwok@hku.hk
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Abstract

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Planetary nebulae (PNs) were first discovered over 200 years ago and our understanding of these objects has undergone significant evolution over the years. Developments in astronomical optical spectroscopy and atomic physics have shown that PNe are gaseous objects photoionized by UV radiation from a hot central star. Studies of the kinematics of the nebulae coupled with progress in theories of stellar evolution have led to the identification that PNe are evolved stars and progenitors of white dwarfs. Development of infrared and millimeter-wave technology in the 1970s made us realize that there is significant amount of neutral matter (molecules and dust) in PNe. The link of PNe to the stellar winds from their progenitor asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and subsequent dynamical interactions are now believed to be the underlying causes of the morphological structures of PNe. The role of PNe as prolific molecular factories producing complex molecules and organic solids has significant implications on the chemical enrichment of the Galaxy.

In this paper, we discuss the misconceptions and errors that we have encountered in our journey of understanding the nature of PN. The various detours and dead ends that had happened during our quest to pin down the evolutionary status and causes of nebulae ejection will be discussed. As there are still many unsolved problems in PN research, these lessons of history have much to offer for future progress in this field.

Keywords

Binaries: generalplanetary nebulae: generalstars: AGB and post AGBstars: evolution
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 7 , Symposium S283: Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future , July 2011 , pp. 1 - 8
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2012

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