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Internal secular evolution in disk galaxies: the growth of pseudobulges

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2007

John Kormendy
John Kormendy*
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, USA; Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany; Universitäts-Sternwarte, Munich, Germany email: kormendy@astro.as.utexas.edu
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Abstract

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Observational and theoretical evidence that internal, slow (“secular”) evolution reshapes galaxy disks is reviewed in Kormendy & Kennicutt (2004). This update has three aims. First, I emphasize that this evolution is very general – it is as fundamental to the evolution of galaxy disks as (e. g.) core collapse is to globular clusters, as the production of hot Jupiters is to the evolution of protoplanetary disks, and as evolution to red giants containing proto-white-dwarfs is to stellar evolution. One consequence for disk galaxies is the buildup of dense central components that get mistaken for classical (i. e., merger-built) bulges but that were grown out of disk stars and gas. We call these pseudobulges. Second, I review new results on pseudobulge star formation and structure and on the distinction between boxy and disky pseudobulges. Finally, I highlight how these results make a galaxy formation problem more acute. How can hierarchical clustering produce so many pure disk galaxies with no evidence for merger-built bulges?

Keywords

galaxies: bulgesgalaxies: evolutiongalaxies: formationgalaxies: photometrygalaxies: kinematics and dynamicsgalaxies: nucleigalaxies: structure
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 3 , Symposium S245: Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges , July 2007 , pp. 107 - 112
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2008

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