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Psyllium and fat in diets differentially affect the activities and expressions of colonic sphingomyelinases and caspase in mice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Yajun Cheng ,
Lena Ohlsson  and
Rui-Dong Duan
Yajun Cheng
Affiliation:
Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
Lena Ohlsson
Affiliation:
Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
Rui-Dong Duan*
Affiliation:
Gastroenterology and Nutrition Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, S-22184, Lund, Sweden
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Rui-Dong Duan, fax +46 46 137277, email rui-dong.duan@med.lu.se
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Abstract

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Dietary fibre and fat affect colonic tumourigenesis and inflammation. Sphingomyelin metabolism may have implications for the pathogenesis of colonic tumours and ulcerative colitis. The present study examined the effects of psyllium and fat on the enzymes responsible for sphingomyelin metabolism and apoptosis in the colon. Mice were fed control, psyllium-containing (100 g/kg), high-fat (313 g/kg, 53 % energy as fat) or high-fat plus psyllium diets for 4 weeks. The activities of acid, neutral and alkaline sphingomyelinase (SMase), neutral ceramidase, and caspase 3, 8 and 9 in colonic mucosa were determined. The expressions of alkaline SMase and caspase 3 were examined. The psyllium-containing diet was found to increase significantly the activities of alkaline SMase and caspase 3 and decreased those of acid SMase and neutral ceramidase. The high-fat diet had opposite effects on these enzymes and attenuated the effects of psyllium. Western blotting showed that psyllium increased and high-fat decreased the levels of alkaline SMase and caspase 3 in colonic mucosa. The change in caspase 3 activity was positively correlated with that of alkaline SMase and negatively with acid SMase. No similar changes of acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in the colon or acid and neutral SMase activity in the liver were identified. In conclusion, colonic sphingomyelin metabolism and apoptosis were affected by psyllium and fat in an opposite manner. The results may have implications for colorectal tumourigenesis and inflammation.

Keywords

PsylliumFatSphingomyelinaseColon
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 91 , Issue 5 , May 2004 , pp. 715 - 723
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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