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Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2014

Yuksel Kaplan ,
Handan Inonu ,
Ayse Yilmaz  and
Serpil Ocal
Yuksel Kaplan
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
Handan Inonu
Affiliation:
Department of Pulmonary Disease, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
Ayse Yilmaz
Affiliation:
Department of Pulmonary Disease, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
Serpil Ocal
Affiliation:
Department of Pulmonary Disease, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
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Abstract

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Objective:

To evaluate the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the relationship between RLS and clinical/laboratory findings of COPD.

Methods:

One hundred and thirty-four COPD patients without secondary causes of RLS were included. Thirty-nine (29.1%) patients were diagnosed with RLS and classified as Group 1. The control group consisted of 65 age-matched COPD patients without RLS. Group 1 was divided into subgroups according to the Johns Hopkins Severity (JHS) scale. Patients with a score of 0, 1, or 2 were classified as JHS 0-2 and those with a score of 3 as JHS 3. Group 1 and the control group and subgroups were compared for clinical and laboratory characteristics.

Results:

We found that the duration of COPD was longer and that airway obstruction, hypercapnia, and hypoxia were more evident in patients with RLS than those without. Similar differences were also detected between JHS subgroups 3 (more severe) and 0-2. Polyneuropathy frequency was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to controls. However, Group 1 subgroups showed a similar frequency of polyneuropathy. In a multivariate analysis, hypercapnia made a significant independent contribution to both JHS 0-2 and JHS 3 patients when RLS severity was set as the dependent variable. Polyneuropathy and the duration of COPD were significant independent variables for patients in the JHS 3 subgroup. Polyneuropathy was the strongest predictor for the JHS 3 patients.

Conclusions:

We conclude that RLS is frequent in COPD, particularly in patients with severe hypoxemia/hypercapnia and in late stages of the disease.

Résumé:

<span class='bold'>RÉSUMÉ:</span><span class='bold'><span class='italic'>Objectif:</span></span>

Le but de cette étude était de déterminer quelle est la prévalence du syndrome des jambes sans repos (SJSR) chez les patients atteints de maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (MPOC) et de définir la relation entre le SJSR et les observations cliniques et l’exploration fonctionnelle.

<span class='bold'><span class='italic'>Méthodes:</span></span>

Cent trente-quatre patients atteints de MPOC sans cause secondaire de SJSR ont été inclus dans l’étude. Le groupe 1 était composé de 39 patients (29,1%) chez qui un diagnostic de SJSR avait été posé. Le groupe témoin comprenait 65 patients atteints de MPOC appariés pour l’äge, sans SJSR. Le groupe 1 était divisé en sous-groupes, selon l’échelle Johns Hopkins Severity. Le sous-groupes JHS 0-2 était composé des patients dont le score était 0, 1 ou 2 et le sous-groupe JHS 3 de ceux dont le score était 3. Les caractéristiques cliniques et fonctionnelles du groupe 1 et du groupe témoin ainsi que des sous-groupes ont été comparées.

<span class='bold'><span class='italic'>Résultats:</span></span>

Nous avons constaté que la durée de la MPOC était plus longue et l’obstruction des voies aériennes, l’’hypercapnie et l’hypoxie étaient plus sévères chez les patients qui présentaient un SJSR que chez ceux qui n’en étaient pas atteints. Des différences similaires ont également été observées entre les sous-groupes JHS 3 (plus sévère) et JHS 0-2. La polyneuropathie était significativement plus fréquente dans le groupe 1 que dans le groupe témoin. Cependant, la fréquence de la polyneuropathie était similaire dans les sous-groupes du groupe 1. L’analyse multivariée a montré que l’hypercapnie avait une contribution indépendante significative chez les patients JHS 0-2 et JHS3 quand la sévérité du SJSR était considérée comme la variable dépendante. La polyneuropathie et la durée de la MPOC étaient des variables indépendantes significatives chez les patients du sous-groupe JHS 3. La polyneuropathie était le meilleur prédicteur chez les patients JHS 3.

<span class='bold'><span class='italic'>Conclusions:</span></span>

Nous concluons que le SJSR est fréquent dans la MPOC, surtout chez les patients qui présentent une hypoxémie/hypercapnie sévère et dans les stades avancés de la maladie.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 35 , Issue 3 , July 2008 , pp. 352 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2008

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