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Influence of habitat and microhabitat on carabid (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in four stand types

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

J.L. Pearce ,
L.A. Venier ,
J. McKee ,
J. Pedlar  and
D. McKenney
J.L. Pearce*
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Landscape Analysis and Applications Section, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
L.A. Venier
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Landscape Analysis and Applications Section, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
J. McKee
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Landscape Analysis and Applications Section, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
J. Pedlar
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Landscape Analysis and Applications Section, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
D. McKenney
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Landscape Analysis and Applications Section, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: Jpearce@nrcan.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Studies based on presence/absence of a species may provide insight into habitat associations, allowing the distribution of species to be predicted across the landscape. Our objective was to characterize the carabid fauna in three mature boreal forest types (conifer, mixedwood, and deciduous) and a disturbed habitat (clearcut) to provide baseline data on the carabid species inhabiting the major forest types of boreal northwestern Ontario. Only spring-active carabids were considered for logistical reasons. We further identified the coarse woody debris structure and microhabitat characteristics within these stand types to try to refine our ability to predict the within-stand occurrence of carabids. We found the carabid composition of deciduous stands (mixedwood and aspen) similar and typical of the carabid fauna found in mixedwood forest in other nearby studies. The important feature of these forest types may be the presence of a deciduous leaf litter layer. In contrast, spruce stands contained fewer species and individuals and a distinct carabid fauna. As predicted, the clearcut habitats were dominated by open habitat species, although the fauna was dissimilar to what was recorded in clearcut habitats in other studies within northwestern Ontario. Coarse woody debris appeared to be an important habitat attribute for several carabid species in clearcut habitats.

Résumé

Les études basées sur des données de présence et d'absence peuvent fournir des renseignements sur les associations avec l'habitat, car elles permettent de prédire la répartition des espèces dans l'ensemble du paysage. Nous avons tenté de caractériser la faune des carabes dans trois types de forêt boréale naturelle (forêt de conifères, forêt mixte et forêt décidue) et dans un habitat perturbé (zone de coupe à blanc) en vue d'obtenir des données de base sur les espèces de carabes qui habitent les principaux types de forêt du nord-ouest de l'Ontario. Pour des raisons logistiques, seuls les carabes actifs au printemps ont été pris en compte. Nous avons également déterminé la structure des débris de bois grossiers et les caractéristiques des microhabitats dans chacun des types de forêt pour tenter de raffiner notre capacité de prédire la présence ou l'absence de carabes dans chacun des types de forêt. La composition de la faune des carabes dans les forêts décidues (essences mixtes et trembles) est semblable à celle typique des forêts mixtes du voisinage mentionnées dans d'autres études. La caractéristique importante de ces types de forêt est probablement la présence d'une litière de feuilles décidues. En revanche, les forêts d'épinettes contiennent moins d'espèces et moins d'individus et abritent une faune particulière de carabes. Conformément à nos prédictions, les zones de coupe à blanc sont dominées par des espèces de milieu découvert, bien que cette faune diffère de celle d'autres zones de coupe à blanc décrites ailleurs dans le nord-ouest de l'Ontario. Les débris de bois grossier semblent être un facteur de l'habitat déterminant de la présence de plusieurs espèces de carabes dans les zones de coupe à blanc.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 135 , Issue 3 , June 2003 , pp. 337 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2003

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