Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T12:06:42.071Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Olybrius and the Einsiedeln Eclogues*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2015

Justin Stover
Justin Stover*
Affiliation:
All Souls College, Oxford
*
justin.stover@classics.ox.ac.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two ancient pastoral poems were published by Hermann Hagen in 1869 from a manuscript at Einsiedeln and were soon dated to the reign of Nero. In this study, I show that these poems are related to the Bucolicon Olybrii listed in a library catalogue of Murbach from around 850, and demonstrate on internal and external grounds that the poems were likely composed around the end of the fourth century by Anicius Hermogenianus Olybrius, the consul of 395. This attribution enhances our understanding of the literary culture of the age of Claudian and contributes to the on-going debate on the extent and import of Neronian literature.

Keywords

Anicius Hermogenianus OlybriusEinsiedeln EcloguespastoralLate AntiquityAusoniusmanuscriptsNeronian literature
Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Roman Studies , Volume 105 , November 2015 , pp. 288 - 321
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2015. Published by The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

I would like to thank, first and foremost, David Armstrong for advice and encouragement throughout this whole process, and for reading several drafts; George Woudhuysen for many pleasant hours of conversation on matters of patricii and prosopography; and Michael Reeve, Gavin Kelly, Kathy Coleman, Jarrett Welsh, and Christopher Parrot for reading drafts of this study and offering much useful criticism. Evina Steinova generously shared some of her expertise on notae and Michael Allen his on the hand of Heiric of Auxerre. I am grateful to them all, as well as to the anonymous readers and editor of this journal.

Einsielden 266 is available online at e-codices – Virtual Manuscript Library of Switzerland (http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/sbe/0266). I have also used Brepols databases: Library of Latin Texts, Series A and B, and the Cross Database Search Tool.

The abbreviations used are:

CLA – E. Loew 1934–1971: Codices latini antiquiores: A Palaeographical Guide to Latin Manuscripts Prior to the Ninth Century (12 vols), Oxford

PLRE – A. Jones et al. (eds) 1971–1992: Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire (3 vols), Cambridge

TLL – Thesaurus Linguae Latinae

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Amat, J. (ed.) 1997: Consolation à Livie, Élégies à Mécène, Bucoliques d'Einsiedeln, ParisGoogle Scholar
Amat, J. 1998: ‘Humour et ironie dans les Bucoliques de Calpurnius Siculus et les Carmina einsidlensia’, Revue des Études Latines 76, 192–9Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. 1986: ‘Stylistics and the date of Calpurnius Siculus’, Philologus 130, 113–86CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amstrong, D. 2014: ‘Einsiedeln Eclogues’, in Thomas and Ziolkowski 2014Google Scholar
Baldwin, B. 1995: ‘Better late than early: reflections on the date of Calpurnius Siculus’, Illinois Classical Studies 20, 157–67Google Scholar
Barnes, T. D. 2006: ‘An urban prefect and his wife’, Classical Quarterly 56, 249–56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertocchi, A., Maraldi, M., and Orlandini, A. 2010: ‘Quantification’, in Baldi, P. and Cuzzolin, P. (eds), New Perspectives on Historical Latin Syntax 3. Constituent Syntax: Quantification, Numerals, Possession, Anaphora, Berlin, 19–174CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bischoff, B. 1981: ‘Das benediktinische Mönchtum und die Überlieferung der klassischen Literatur’, Studien und Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Benediktinerordens 92, 165–19Google Scholar
Bischoff, B. 1998: Katalog der festländischen Handschriften des neunten Jahrhunderts. Teil I: Aachen-Lambach, WiesbadenGoogle Scholar
Bischoff, B., Schetter, W., and Zwierlein, O. 1994: Severi Episcopi “Malacitani (?)” in Evangelia libri XII: Das Trierer Fragment der Bücher VIII–X, MunichGoogle Scholar
Brouwer, C. (ed.) 1617: Hrabani Mauri … poemata de diversi: nunc primum vulgata & scholiis illustrata studio R. P. Christophori Brovveri, Soicetatis Iesu Presbyteri, MainzGoogle Scholar
Bücheler, F. 1871: ‘Zur höfischen Poesie unter Nero’, Rheinisches Museum 26, 235–40Google Scholar
Butterfield, D. 2013: The Early Textual History of Lucretius’ De rerum natura, CambridgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, A. 2010: ‘The date of the Scholia Vetustiora on Juvenal’, Classical Quarterly 60, 569–76CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, A. 2011: The Last Pagans of Rome, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Champlin, E. 1978: ‘The life and times of Calpurnius Siculus’, Journal of Roman Studies 68, 95–110CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cock, M. 1971: ‘À propos de la tradition manuscrite du Carmen de mortibus boum d'Endéléchius’, Latomus 30, 156–60Google Scholar
Contreni, J. 2003: ‘What was the emperor Augustus doing at a Carolingian banquet (Anth. Lat.2 719f)?’, Rheinisches Museum 146, 372–94Google Scholar
Courtney, E. 1987: ‘Imitation, chronologie littéraire et Calpurnius Siculus’, Revue des Études Latines 65, 148–57Google Scholar
Courtney, E. 1999: Review of Amat 1997 in Classical Review 49, 397–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
della Casa, A. (ed.) 1977: Arusianus Messius, Exempla Elocutionum, MilanGoogle Scholar
den Boeft, J., den Hengst, D., and Teitler, H. C. 1991: Philological and Historical Commentary on Ammianus Marcellinus XXI, GroningenGoogle Scholar
Duckworth, G. 1967: ‘Five centuries of Latin poetry: Silver Age and Late Empire’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 98, 77–150CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dümmler, E. (ed.) 1884: Hrabani Mauri Carmina, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Poetae Latini Aevi Carolini 2, BerlinGoogle Scholar
Dunn, G. 2008: ‘Anicius Hermogenianus Olybrius’, in Deroux, C. (ed.), Studies in Latin Literature and Roman History XIV, Collection Latomus 315, Brussels, 429–44Google Scholar
Eastwood, B. 2007: Ordering the Heavens: Roman Astronomy and Cosmology in the Carolingian Renaissance, LeidenCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaisser, J. 2008: The Fortunes of Apuleius and the Golden Ass: A Study in Transmission and Reception, PrincetonCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galonnier, A. 1997: Anecdoton Holderi ou Ordo generis Cassiodororum: éléments pour une étude de l'authenticité boécienne des Opuscula sacra, LeuvenGoogle Scholar
Garand, M.-C. 1978: ‘Copistes de Cluny au temps de saint Maieul (948–994)’, Bibliothèque de l’école des chartes 136, 5–36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giles, J. (ed.) 1838: Severi Sancti <Endeleichi> rhetoris et poetæ christiani, De mortibus boum, LondonGoogle Scholar
Green, R. 1995: ‘Proba's cento: its date, purpose, and reception’, Classical Quarterly 45, 551–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, R. 2004: ‘Refinement and reappraisal in Vergilian pastoral’, in Rees, R. (ed.), Romane, Memento: Vergil in the Fourth Century, London, 17–32Google Scholar
Gualandri, I. 2004: ‘Claudian's Greek world: Callimachus’, in Ehlers, W.-W. et al. (eds), Aetas Claudianea. Eine Tagung an der Freien Universität Berlin vom 28. bis 30. Juni 2002, Munich, 78–95Google Scholar
Hagen, H. 1869: ‘Zur lateinischen Anthologie. Nachtrag zu den analecta Einsidlensia’, Philologus 28, 338–41CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hagen, H. 1871: ‘Zur Erklärung und Kritik der beiden bukolischen Novitäten aus Einsiedeln’, Jahrbücher für Classische Philologie 17, 139–52Google Scholar
Hagen, H. 1880: ‘Über ein neues Epigramm mit der Aufschrift: Octaviani Augusti’, Rheinisches Museum 35, 569–77Google Scholar
Häse, A. 2002: Mittelalterliche Bücherverzeichnisse aus Kloster Lorsch: Einleitung, Edition und Kommentar, WiesbadenGoogle Scholar
Henderson, J. 2013: ‘The Carmina Einsidlensia and Calpurnius Siculus’ eclogues’, in Buckley, E. and Dinter, M. T. (eds), A Companion to the Neronian Age, Oxford, 170–87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horsfall, N. 1993: Review of Amat, J. (ed.), Calpurnius Siculus, Bucoliques, Pseudo-Calpurnius, Éloge de Pison (1991) in Classical Review 43, 267–70CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horsfall, N. 1997: ‘Criteria for the dating of Calpurnius Siculus’, Rivista di filologia e di istruzione classica 125, 166–96Google Scholar
Hubbard, T. 1998: The Pipes of Pan: Intertextuality and Literary Filiation in the Pastoral Tradition from Theocritus to Milton, Ann ArborCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchinson, G. O. 2013: Greek to Latin: Frameworks and Contexts for Intertextuality, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaster, R. 1988: Guardians of Language: The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity, BerkeleyCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennell, S. 2000: Magnus Felix Ennodius: A Gentleman of the Church, Ann ArborCrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, V. 1969: An Investigation of Some Astronomical Excerpts from Pliny's Natural History Found in Manuscripts of the Earlier Middle Ages, unpub. B.Litt. thesis, University of OxfordGoogle Scholar
Knickenberg, F. 1892: ‘Zur Anthologia Latina. Über das erste der beiden Hirtengedichte der Einsiedler Handschrift Nr. 266 S. 206’, Hermes 27, 144–51Google Scholar
Korzeniewski, D. 1966: ‘Die “Panegyrische Tendenz” in den Carmina Einsidlensia’, Hermes 94, 344–60Google Scholar
Korzeniewski, D. 1973: ‘Zwei bukolische Probleme’, Hermes 53, 499–501Google Scholar
Lapidge, M. 2005: The Anglo-Saxon Library, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Leonardi, C. 1960: ‘I codici di Marziano Capella’, Aevum 34, 1–99 and 411–524Google Scholar
Lott, E. 1980: The Florilegium of Cava 3, Madrid 19 and Paris 7418, unpub. PhD diss., HarvardGoogle Scholar
Maciejczyk, A. 1907: De carminum Einsidlensium tempore et auctore, GreifswaldGoogle Scholar
Magallón García, A.-I. 2002: ‘Arusiano Mesio y su “Diccionario de construcciones”’, Faventia 24, 157–74Google Scholar
Maggiulli, G. 1982: ‘Nonio Marcello e Arusiano Messio’, in Studi noniani 7, Genoa, 123–76Google Scholar
Manitius, M. 1935: Handschriften antiker Autoren in mittelalterlichen Bibliothekskatalogen, LeipzigGoogle Scholar
Matthews, J. 1992: ‘The poetess Proba and fourth-century Rome’, in Christol, M. et al. (eds), Institution, société et vie politique dans l'empire romain au IVe siècle ap. J.-C., Actes de la table ronde autour de l'oeuvre d’ Andre Chastagnol, Rome, 277–304Google Scholar
Mazhuga, V. 2003: ‘À quelle époque vivait le grammairien Phocas?’, Revue de philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes 77, 67–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGill, S. 2005: Virgil Recomposed: The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGill, S., and Tucker, G. 2014: ‘Cento’, in Thomas and Ziolkowski 2014Google Scholar
McKitterick, R. 1989: The Carolingians and the Written Word, CambridgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meier, G. 1896: Heinrich von Ligerz: Bibliothekar von Einsiedeln im 14. Jahrhundert, Beihefte zum Zentralblatt für Bibliothekswesen 17, LeipzigGoogle Scholar
Merfeld, B. 1999: Panegyrik – Paränese – Parodie? Die Einsiedler Gedichte und Herrscherlob in neronischer Zeit, TrierGoogle Scholar
Merkelbach, R. 1988: Die Hirten des Dionysos: die Dionysos-Mysterien der römischen Kaiserzeit und der bukolische Roman des Longus, StuttgartCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milde, W. 1968: Der Bibliothekskatalog des Klosters Murbach aus dem 9. Jahrhundert. Ausgabe und Untersuchung von Beziehungen zu Cassiodors Institutiones, HeidelbergGoogle Scholar
Mondin, L. 2007–8: ‘Foca, Marziale e la poetica dell'epitome: la prefazione all’ Ars de nomine et uerbo’, Incontri triestini di filologia classica 7, 329–54Google Scholar
Motta, G., and Picasso, G. 1997: ‘Un florilegio patristico tra teologia e canonistica’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung 83, 113–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munk Olsen, B. 1979–1980: ‘Les classiques latins dans les florilèges médiévaux antérieurs au XIIIe siècle’, Revue d'histoire des textes 9, 47–121, and 10, 151–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mynors, R. (ed.) 1937: Cassiodori Senatoris Institutiones, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Nazzaro, A. 2004: ‘Il proemio della Laus sancti Iohannis (carm. VI) di Paolino di Nola’, in Gasparro, G. (ed.), Ad contemplandam sapientiam. Studi di filologia, letteratura, storia in memoria di Sandro Leanza, Soveria Mannelli, 475–90Google Scholar
Otto, A. 1890: Die Sprichwörter und sprichwörtlichen Redensarten der Römer, LeipzigGoogle Scholar
Peiper, R. 1870: Praefationis in Senecae tragoedias supplementum, WrocławGoogle Scholar
Pernigotti, C. 2004: ‘La tradizione greco-latino di segni critici platonici’, in Bruno, S. et al. (eds), Archaeologica pisana. Scritti per Orlanda Pancrazzi, Pisa, 327–35Google Scholar
Ramírez-Weaver, E. 2008: Carolingian Innovation and Observation in the Paintings and Star Catalogs of Madrid, Bibliotheca Nacional, Ms. 3307, unpub. PhD thesis, New York UniversityGoogle Scholar
Rand, E. K. 1927: ‘A nest of ancient notae’, Speculum 2, 160–76CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reeve, M. 1983: ‘Carmina Einsidlensia’, in Reynolds 1983, 39Google Scholar
Reeve, M. 1988: ‘Codici tedeschi di Cicerone’, Ciceroniana n.s. 6, 76–86Google Scholar
Reifferscheid, A. 1868: ‘Mittheilungen aus Handschriften. 1: Anecdotum Cavense de notis antiquorum’, Rheinisches Museum 23, 127–33Google Scholar
Reynolds, L. D. (ed.) 1983: Texts and Transmission: A Survey of the Latin Classics, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Rönsch, H. 1869: Itala und Vulgata: Das Sprachidion der urchristlichen Itala und der katholischen Vulgata, Marburg/LeipzigGoogle Scholar
Salzmann, M. 2002: The Making of a Christian Aristocracy: Social and Religious Change in the Western Roman Empire, Cambridge, MACrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scaffai, M. (ed.) 1997: Baebii Italici Ilias Latina (2nd edn), BolognaGoogle Scholar
Scharf, R. 1992: ‘Der Stadtpräfekt Iulius Felix Campanianus’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 94, 274–8Google Scholar
Schironi, F. 2005: ‘Plato at Alexandria: Aristophanes, Aristarchus, and the “philological tradition” of a philosopher’, Classical Quarterly 55, 423–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmid, W. 1953: ‘Tityrus Christianus. Probleme religiöser Hirtendichtung an der Wende vom vierten zum fünften Jahrhundert’, Rheinisches Museum 96, 101–65Google Scholar
Schröder, B. 1991: Carmina non quae nemorale resultent, Studien zur Klassischen Philologie 61, Frankfurt am MainGoogle Scholar
Schröder, B.-J. 2007: Bildung und Briefe im 6. Jahrhundert: Studien zum Mailänder Diakon Magnus Felix Ennodius, BerlinCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shackleton Bailey, D. 1982: ‘Notes on Riese's Anthologia Latina (Vol. 2)’, Classical Philology 77, 113–32Google Scholar
Shanzer, D. 1986: ‘The anonymous Carmen contra paganos and the date and identity of the centonist Proba’, Revue des Études Augustiniennes 32, 232–48CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shanzer, D. 1994: ‘The date and identity of the centonist Proba’, Recherches Augustiniennes 27, 74–96Google Scholar
Shanzer, D. 2001: Review of Trout, D., Paulinus of Nola: Life, Letters, and Poems (1999) in Catholic Historical Review 87, 481–83Google Scholar
Sharpe, R. 2003: Titulus: Identifying Medieval Latin Texts: An Evidence-Based Approach, TurnhoutGoogle Scholar
Sivan, H. 1993: ‘Anician women, the cento of Proba, and aristocratic conversion in the fourth century’, Vigiliae Christianae 47, 140–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stover, J. 2014: ‘Numitorius’, in Thomas and Ziolkowski 2014Google Scholar
Thibodeau, P. 2011: Playing the Farmer: Representations of Rural Life in Vergil's Georgics, BerkeleyCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, R., and Ziolkowski, J. (eds) 2014: The Virgil Encyclopedia, Malden, MAGoogle Scholar
Townend, G. B. 1980: ‘Calpurnius Siculus and the Munus Neronis’, Journal of Roman Studies 70, 166–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trout, D. 2005: ‘Latin Christian epics of Late Antiquity’, in Foley, J. (ed.), A Companion to Ancient Epic, Oxford, 550–61CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turcan-Verkerk, A.-M. 1999: ‘Mannon de Saint-Oyen dans l'histoire de la transmission des textes’, Revue d'histoire des textes 29, 169–243CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turcan-Verkerk, A.-M. 2003: Un Poète latin chrétien redécouverte: Latinius Pacatus Drepanius, panégyriste de Théodose, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Uhalde, K. 2012: ‘Justice and equality’, in Johnson, S. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity, Oxford, 764–88Google Scholar
Vandone, G. 2004: Appunti su una poetica tardoantica: Ennodio, carm. 1,7-8 = 26-27V: introduzione, traduzione e commento, PisaGoogle Scholar
Vecce, C. 1988: Iacopo Sannazaro in Francia: scoperte di codici all'inizio del XVI secolo, PaduaGoogle Scholar
Verdière, R. (ed.) 1954: T. Calpurnii Siculi De laude Pisonis et Bucolica et M. Annaei Lucani De laude Caesaris Einsiedlensia Quae Dicuntur Carmina, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Verdière, R. 1993: ‘Calpurnius, en fin d'analyse …’, Helmantica 44, 349–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wessner, P. (ed.) 1931: Scholia in Iuvenalem vetustiora, LeipzigGoogle Scholar
Williams, H. J. 1986: The Eclogues and Cynegetica of Nemesianus, LeidenCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zarncke, E. 1889: ‘Aus Murbachs Klosterbibliothek Anno 1464’, in Commentationes in honorem Guilelmi Studemund, Strasbourg, 181–209Google Scholar
Zetzel, J. 2005: Marginal Scholarship and Textual Deviance: The Commentum Cornuti and the Early Scholia on Persius, LondonGoogle Scholar
Zurli, L. 1997: ‘Intorno ad alcuni carmi dell’ Anthologia Latina’, Giornale italiano di filologia 49, 141–76Google Scholar