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Cladorhizidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) of the deep Atlantic collected during Ifremer cruises, with a biogeographic overview of the Atlantic species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2013

J.T. Hestetun ,
M. Fourt ,
J. Vacelet ,
N. Boury-Esnault  and
H.T. Rapp
J.T. Hestetun*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A/B, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
M. Fourt
Affiliation:
GIS Posidonie, Campus de Luminy, Case 901, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
J. Vacelet
Affiliation:
IMBE-UMR7263 CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, France
N. Boury-Esnault
Affiliation:
IMBE-UMR7263 CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, France
H.T. Rapp
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A/B, N-5020 Bergen, Norway Uni Environment, Thormøhlensgate 49B, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: J.T. Hestetun, Department of Biology and Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A/B, N-5020 Bergen, Norway email: jon.hestetun@bio.uib.no
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Abstract

The study presents Cladorhizidae collected during Ifremer cruises in the Atlantic Ocean from 1981 to 2004. Fifteen species are described from the genera Abyssocladia, Asbestopluma, Chondrocladia and Cladorhiza, with complete descriptions of five new species. While a couple of species were collected at 670–1010 m depth at the Rockall Bank, most species were collected at middle to lower bathyal and abyssal depths (~2000–5000 m), ranging from the northern Atlantic to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the coast of Africa at Gabon–Congo. A biogeographic analysis of currently known Arctic, Atlantic and some Antarctic species shows that the majority of included cladorhizids are described from the north-east Atlantic and Arctic Oceans while a lower number of species are known from other parts of the Atlantic Ocean. Large regions are poorly investigated, and previously undescribed species can be expected when sampling in these areas. A regional mostly endemic cladorhizid fauna is predicted for shelf and upper slope areas. Species in the lower bathyal and abyssal seem on the other hand to have a wider geographical distribution.

Keywords

Poriferacarnivorous spongesbathyalabyssalAtlanticnew speciestaxonomyAbyssocladiaAsbestoplumaChondrocladiaCladorhiza
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 95 , Issue 7: Deep-Sea Sponges , November 2015 , pp. 1311 - 1342
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

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