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Gender Differences in Risk Factors for Stice’s Bulimia in a Non-Clinical Sample

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2015

Pablo Ruisoto ,
Raúl Cacho ,
José J. López-Goñi ,
Eulogio Real Deus ,
Silvia Vaca  and
Paula Mayoral
Pablo Ruisoto*
Affiliation:
Universidad de Salamanca (Spain)
Raúl Cacho
Affiliation:
Universidad Pública de Navarra (Spain)
José J. López-Goñi
Affiliation:
Universidad Pública de Navarra (Spain)
Eulogio Real Deus
Affiliation:
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (Spain)
Silvia Vaca
Affiliation:
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (Ecuador)
Paula Mayoral
Affiliation:
Universidad de Salamanca (Spain)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Pablo Ruisoto. Department of Basic Psychology. Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Sciences. Faculty of Psychology. Universidad de Salamanca. Avda. de la Merced, 109–131. 37007 Salamanca (Spain). Email. ruisoto@usal.es
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Abstract

Some females are at an increased risk of developing bulimia. However, etiological factors and their interplay remain controversial. The present study analyzed Sticefe Model for eating disorders in a non-clinical population by examining gender differences with respect to the following risk factors: body mass index (BMI), body dissatisfaction, perceived social pressure to be thin, body-thin internalization, and dieting behavior. A sample of 162 American college students (64 males and 91 females) was surveyed, and validated scales were used. The Sticey model was tested using Structural Equation Modeling. Our results supported Stice r Dual Pathway Model of bulimic pathology for females but not for males. Females reported significantly higher body dissatisfaction, perceived pressure to be thin and weight-loss oriented behaviors than males (p < .05), but no gender differences were found in their degree of body thin internalization (p > .05), a key predictor of body dissatisfaction (r = .33; p < .01). Participants with higher BMI reported greater social pressure to be thin than those with lower BMI (p < .05). However, females engaged in dietary restraint, the main risk factor for eating disorders, regardless of their BMI (p > .05) although their BMI was significantly lower than males (d = 0,51). The results of this study fail to support the role of BMI as a predictor of dietary restraint in females, the main risk factor of eating disorders. Males may abstain from dietary restraint to gain muscular volume and in turn increase their BMI. Implications are discussed.

Keywords

bulimia nervosadietingbody dissatisfactionStice
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 18 , 2015 , E72
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2015 

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