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Associations between trematode infections in cattle and freshwater snails in highland and lowland areas of Iringa Rural District, Tanzania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2015

JAHASHI NZALAWAHE ,
AYUB A. KASSUKU ,
J. RUSSELL STOTHARD ,
GERALD C. COLES  and
MARK C. EISLER
JAHASHI NZALAWAHE
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania
AYUB A. KASSUKU
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3019, Morogoro, Tanzania
J. RUSSELL STOTHARD
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
GERALD C. COLES
Affiliation:
School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, UK
MARK C. EISLER*
Affiliation:
School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, UK
*
*Corresponding author. School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, UK. E-mail: mark.eisler@bristol.ac.uk
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Summary

The epidemiology of trematode infections in cattle was investigated within highland and lowland areas of Iringa Rural District, in southern Tanzania. Fecal samples were collected from 450 cattle in 15 villages at altitudes ranging from 696 to 1800 m above the sea level. Freshwater snails were collected from selected water bodies and screened for emergence of cercariae. The infection rates in cattle were Fasciola gigantica 28·2%, paramphistomes 62·8% and Schistosoma bovis 4·8%. Notably, prevalence of trematode infections in cattle was much higher in highland (altitude > 1500 m) as compared with lowland (altitude < 1500 m) areas and was statistically significant (P-value = 0·000) for F. gigantica and paramphistomes but not for S. bovis. The snails collected included Lymnaea natalensis, Bulinus africanus, Bulinus tropicus, Bulinus forskali, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Melanoides tuberculata and Bellamya constricta with a greater proportion of highland (75%) than lowland (36%) water bodies harbouring snails. Altitude is a major factor shaping the epidemiology of F. gigantica and paramphistomes infections in cattle in Iringa Rural District with greater emphasis upon control needed in highland areas.

Keywords

Fasciola giganticaparamphistomeSchistosoma bovisaltitudeTanzaniacattlesub-Saharan Africa
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 11 , September 2015 , pp. 1430 - 1439
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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