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Coal and the Industrial Revolution, 1700–1869

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2007

GREGORY CLARK
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of California-Davis, USA
DAVID JACKS
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University, USA
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Abstract

How important was coal to the Industrial Revolution? Despite the huge growth of output, and the grip of coal and steam on the popular image of the Industrial Revolution, recent cliometric accounts have assumed coal- mining mattered little to the Industrial Revolution. In contrast both E. A. Wrigley and Kenneth Pomeranz have made coal central to the story. This article constructs new series on coal rents, the price of coal at pithead and at market, and the price of firewood, and uses them to examine this issue. We conclude coal output expanded in the Industrial Revolution mainly as a result of increased demand rather than technological innovations in mining. But that expansion could have occurred at any time before 1760. Further, our coal rents series suggests that English possession of coal reserves made a negligible contribution to Industrial Revolution incomes.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Cambridge University Press 2007

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