Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-16T08:32:26.370Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Clinical effectiveness of cognitive therapy v. interpersonal psychotherapy for depression: results of a randomized controlled trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2015

L. H. J. M. Lemmens ,
A. Arntz ,
F. Peeters ,
S. D. Hollon ,
A. Roefs  and
M. J. H. Huibers
L. H. J. M. Lemmens*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
A. Arntz
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
F. Peeters
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
S. D. Hollon
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
A. Roefs
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
M. J. H. Huibers
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
*
*Address for correspondence: L. Lemmens, MSc, Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, The Netherlands. (Email: Lotte.Lemmens@Maastrichtuniversity.nl)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

Although both cognitive therapy (CT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) have been shown to be effective treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), it is not clear yet whether one therapy outperforms the other with regard to severity and course of the disorder. This study examined the clinical effectiveness of CT v. IPT in a large sample of depressed patients seeking treatment in a Dutch outpatient mental health clinic. We tested whether one of the treatments was superior to the other at post-treatment and at 5 months follow-up. Furthermore, we tested whether active treatment was superior to no treatment. We also assessed whether initial depression severity moderated the effect of time and condition and tested for therapist differences.

Method

Depressed adults (n = 182) were randomized to either CT (n = 76), IPT (n = 75) or a 2-month waiting list control (WLC) condition (n = 31). Main outcome was depression severity, measured with the Beck Depression Inventory – II (BDI-II), assessed at baseline, 2, 3, and 7 months (treatment phase) and monthly up to 5 months follow-up (8–12 months).

Results

No differential effects between CT and IPT were found. Both treatments exceeded response in the WLC condition, and led to considerable improvement in depression severity that was sustained up to 1 year. Baseline depression severity did not moderate the effect of time and condition.

Conclusions

Within our power and time ranges, CT and IPT appeared not to differ in the treatment of depression in the acute phase and beyond.

Keywords

Cognitive therapydepressive disordersindividual psychotherapyinterpersonal psychotherapyoutcome studiesrandomized controlled trial
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 45 , Issue 10 , July 2015 , pp. 2095 - 2110
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ablon, JS, Jones, EE (1999). Psychotherapy process in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 67, 64–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, AT, Rush, AJ, Shaw, BF, Emery, G (1979). Cognitive Therapy of Depression. Guilford Press: New York.Google Scholar
Beck, AT, Steer, R, Brown, GK (1996). Beck Depression Inventory II: Manual. Harcourt Brace: Boston.Google Scholar
Beck, JS (1995). Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond. Guilford Press: New York.Google Scholar
Bellino, S, Zizza, M, Rinaldi, C, Bogetto, F (2007). Combined therapy of major depression with concomitant borderline personality disorder: comparison of interpersonal and cognitive psychotherapy. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry/La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie 52, 718–725.Google Scholar
Cohen, J (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ.Google Scholar
Crits-Christoph, P, Baranackie, K, Kurcias, J, Beck, A, Carroll, K, Perry, K, Luborsky, L, McLellan, A, Woody, G, Thompson, L, Gallagher, D, Zitrin, C (1991). Meta-analysis of therapist effects in psychotherapy outcome studies. Psychotherapy Research 1, 81–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuijpers, P, Li, J, Hofmann, SG, Andersson, G (2010). Self-reported versus clinician-rated symptoms of depression as outcome measures in psychotherapy research on depression: a meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review 30, 768–778.Google Scholar
Cuijpers, P, van Straten, A, Andersson, G, van Oppen, P (2008). Psychotherapy for depression in adults: a meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 76, 909–922.Google Scholar
Derogatis, LR, Melisaratos, N (1983). The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report. Psychological Medicine 13, 595–605.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dimidjian, S, Hollon, SD, Dobson, KS, Schmaling, KB, Kohlenberg, RJ, Addis, ME, Gallop, R, McGlinchey, JB, Markley, DK, Gollan, JK, Atkins, DC, Dunner, DL, Jacobson, NS (2006). Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the acute treatment of adults with major depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74, 658–670.Google Scholar
Dobson, KS, Shaw, BF, Vallis, TM (1985). Reliability of a measure of the quality of cognitive therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 24, 295–300.Google Scholar
Dolan, P (1997). Modeling valuations for EuroQol health states. Medical Care 35, 1095–1108.Google Scholar
Driessen, E, Cuijpers, P, Hollon, SD, Dekker, JJM (2010). Does pretreatment severity moderate the efficacy of psychological treatment of adult outpatient depression? A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 78, 668–680.Google Scholar
Drummond, MF, Schulpher, MJ, Torrance, GW, O'Brien, B, Stoddart, GL (2005). Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes, 3rd edn. Oxford University Press: Oxford.Google Scholar
Elkin, I, Shea, MT, Watkins, JT, Imber, SD (1989). National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: general effectiveness of treatments. Archives of General Psychiatry 46, 971–982.Google Scholar
EuroQolGroup (1990). EuroQol – a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 16, 199–208.Google Scholar
First, MB, Spitzer, RL, Gibbon, M, Williams, JBW (1997). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Biometrics Research Department New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Fournier, JC, DeRubeis, RJ, Hollon, SD, Dimidjian, S, Amsterdam, JD, Shelton, MC, Fawcett, J (2010). Antidepressant drug effects and depression severity: a patient-level meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association 303, 47–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hardy, GE, Barkham, M, Shapiro, DA, Stiles, WB, Rees, A, Reynolds, S (1995). Impact of Cluster C personality disorders on outcomes of contrasting brief psychotherapies for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 63, 997–1004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, CE, O'Grady, KE, Elkin, I (1992). Applying the Collaborative Study Psychotherapy Rating Scale to rate therapist adherence in cognitive-behavior therapy, interpersonal therapy, and clinical management. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 60, 73–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollon, SD, Evans, MD, Auerbach, A, DeRubeis, RJ, Elkin, I, Lowery, A, Kriss, M, Grove, W, Tuason, VB, Piasecki, J (1988). Development of a system for rating therapies for depression: differentiating cognitive therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, and clinical management pharmacotherapy (unpublished manuscript).Google Scholar
Hollon, SD, Waskow, IE, Evans, M, Lowery, HA (1984). Systems for Rating Therapies for Depression. Annual Convention of the American Psychiatric Association: Los Angeles, CA.Google Scholar
Jacobson, NS, Truax, P (1991). Clinical significance: a statistical approach to define meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 59, 12–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jakobsen, JC, Hansen, JL, Simonsen, S, Simonsen, E, Gluud, C (2012). Effects of cognitive therapy versus interpersonal psychotherapy in patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses. Psychological Medicine 42, 1343–1357.Google Scholar
Jarrett, RB, Schaffer, M, McIntire, D, Witt-Browder, A, Kraft, D, Risser, RC (1999). Treatment of atypical depression with cognitive therapy or phenelzine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Archives of General Psychiatry 56, 431–437.Google Scholar
Kazdin, AE (2009). Understanding how and why psychotherapy leads to change. Psychotherapy Research 19, 418–428.Google Scholar
Keitner, GI, Ryan, CE, Solomon, DA (2006). Realistic expectations and a disease management model for depressed patients with persistent symptoms. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67, 1412–1421.Google Scholar
Kennedy, SH, Eisfeld, BS, Cooke, RG (2001). Quality of life: an important dimension in assessing the treatment of depression? Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience 26, 23–28.Google Scholar
Klein, DF (1990). NIMH collaborative research on treatment of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 47, 682–684.Google Scholar
Klerman, GL, Weissman, MM, Rounsaville, BJ, Chevron, ES (1984). Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression. Basis Books: New York.Google Scholar
Lamers, LM, McDonnell, J, Stalmeier, PFM, Krabbe, PFM, Busschbach, JJV (2006). The Dutch tariff: results and arguments for an effective design for national EQ-5D valuation studies. Health Economics 15, 1121–1132.Google Scholar
Lemmens, LHJM, Arntz, A, Peeters, FPML, Hollon, SD, Roefs, A, Huibers, MJH (2011). Effectiveness, relapse prevention and mechanisms of change of cognitive therapy vs. interpersonal therapy for depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 12, 150–162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luty, SE, Carter, JD, McKenzie, JM, Rae, AM, Frampton, CMA, Mulder, RT, Joyce, PR (2007). Randomised controlled trial of interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 190, 496–502.Google Scholar
Markowitz, JC, Weissman, MM (2004). Interpersonal psychotherapy: principles and applications. World Psychiatry 3, 136–139.Google Scholar
Moher, D, Hopewell, S, Schulz, KF, Montori, V, Gotzsche, PC, Deveraux, PJ, Elbourne, D, Egger, M, Altman, DG (2010). Research methods & reporting: CONSORT 2010 explanation and elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition) 340, c869.Google Scholar
Mundt, JC, Marks, IM, Greist, JH, Shear, K (2002). The Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple accurate measure of impairment in functioning. British Journal of Psychiatry 180, 461–464.Google Scholar
Quilty, LC, McBride, C, Bagby, RM (2008). Evidence for the cognitive mediational model of cognitive behavioural therapy for depression. Psychological Medicine 38, 1531–1541.Google Scholar
Spijker, J, Bockting, CLH, Meeuwissen, JAC, van Vliet, IM, Emmelkamp, PMG, Hermens, MLM, van Balkom, ALJM (2013). Multidisciplinary guideline for depression (third revision): guideline for assessment, treatment and counselling of adults with mood disorders. Trimbos-instituut: Utrecht.Google Scholar
Stuart, S (2011). IPT Adherence and Quality Scale. Interpersonal Psychotherapy Institute: Iowa (unpublished manuscript).Google Scholar
Wallace, BC, Daharbreh, IJ, Trikalinos, TA, Lau, J, Trow, P, Schmid, CH (2012). Closing the gap between methodologists and end-users: R as a computational back-end. Journal of Statistical Software 49, 1–15.Google Scholar
Weissman, MM, Markowitz, JC, Klerman, GL (2000). Comprehensive Guide to Interpersonal Psychotherapy. Basic Books: New York.Google Scholar
Willemse, Y, Trijsburg, RW (2005). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Interpersonal Psychotherapy: and analysis of critical success factors. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie 47, 593–602.Google Scholar
Zee van der, KI, Sanderman, R (1993). Assessing the general health condition using the RAND-36: a manual. Northern Center for health questions: Groningen.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Lemmens supplementary material

Lemmens supplementary material 1

Download Lemmens supplementary material(File)
File 63.9 KB