Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c4f8m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T04:42:43.276Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Subsistence diversity in the Younger Stone Age landscape of Varangerfjord, northern Norway

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Lisa Hodgetts*
Affiliation:
*Department of Anthropology, Social Science Centre, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 5C2, Canada

Abstract

Explorations of Stone Age diversity take another step forward with this study of a group of neighbouring sites in Arctic Norway. While all are situated around a fjord, and only a few kilometres apart, the faunal assemblage shows that some are seal specialists, while others hunt reindeer and others again ambush dolphins. Each was creating its own local environment, hunting territory and landscape, not defended but respected, with intimate connections between people and places.

Type
Research
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ashmore, W. & Knapp, A.B.. 1999. Archaeologies of landscape. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Basso, K.H. 1996. Wisdom sits in places: notes on a Western Apache landscape, in Feld, S. & Basso, K.H. (ed.) Senses of place: 5390. Santa Fe (NM): School of American Research Press.Google Scholar
Cannon, A. & Yang, D.Y.. 2006. Early storage and sedentism on the Pacific Northwest coast: ancient DNA analysis of salmon remains from Namu, British Columbia. American Antiquity 71: 123140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobres, M.A. 1999. Of paradigms and ways of seeing: artifact variability as if people mattered, in Chilton, E.S. (ed.) Material meanings: critical approaches to the interpretation of material culture: 723. Salt Lake City (UT): University of Utah Press.Google Scholar
Engelstad, E. 1984. Diversity in arctic maritime adaptations: an example from the Late Stone Age of arctic Norway. Acta Borealia 2: 324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fletcher, C.H., Fairbridge, R.W., Møller, J.J. & Long, A.J.. 1993. Emergence of the Varanger Peninsula, Arctic Norway, and climate changes since deglaciation. The Holocene 3(2): 116127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helskog, K. 1984. The Younger Stone Age settlements in Varanger, north Norway: settlement and population size. Acta Borealia 1: 3970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodgetts, L. 1999. Animal bones and human society in the late Younger Stone Age of arctic Norway. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Durham.Google Scholar
Hood, B. 1995. Circumpolar comparison revisited: hunter-gatherer complexity in the north Norwegian Stone Age and the Labrador Maritime Archaic. Arctic Anthropology 32(2): 75105.Google Scholar
Ingold, T. 1987. The appropriation of nature: essays on human ecology and social relations. Iowa City (IA): University of Iowa Press.Google Scholar
Ingold, T. 2000. Perceptions of the environment: essays in livelihood, dwelling and skill. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Jochim, M. 2006. The implications of inter-group food exchange for hunter-gatherer affluence and complexity, in Grier, C., Kim, J. & Uchiama, J. (ed.) Beyond affluent foragers: rethinking hunter-gatherer complexity: 8089. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Johansen, H.M. 1998. Fra Yngre Steinalder til Tidlig Metalltid i Finnmark. En kritisk diskusjon av tolkninger og begreper med utganspunkt i hustuftene (Stensilserie B no. 51). Tromsø: Institutt for Arkeologi, Universitetet i Tromsø.Google Scholar
Keeley, L. 1988. Hunter-gatherer economic complexity and ‘population pressure’: a cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 7: 343411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuhn, S.L., Stiner, M.C., Güleç, E., Özer, I., Yilmaz, H., Baykara, I., Açikkol, A., Goldberg, P., Molina, K.M., Ünay, E. & Suata-Alpaslan, F.. 2009. The early Upper Paleolithic occupations at U¨ çagızlı Cave (Hatay, Turkey). Journal of Human Evolution 56: 87113.Google Scholar
McLaren, I.A. 1962. Population dynamics and exploitation of seal in the eastern Canadian Arctic, in Lecren, E.D. & Holdgate, M.W. (ed.) The exploitation of natural animal populations: 168183. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.Google Scholar
McMillan, A.D., Mckechnie, I., St.Claire, D.E. & Frederick, S.G.. 2008. Exploring variability in maritime resource use on the Northwest Coast: a case study from Barkley Sound, western Vancouver Island. Canadian Journal of Archaeology 32(2): 214238.Google Scholar
Moss, M.L. & Erlandson, J.M.. 1995. Reflections on North American Pacific coast prehistory. Journal of World Prehistory 9: 145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myrvoll, E.R. 1992. Stil og samfunn. En analyse av materiell symbolisme og sosiale relasjoner i Varanger 2200 f.Kr. – Kr.f. Unpublished MA dissertation, University of Tromsø.Google Scholar
Olsen, B. 1994. Bosetning og samfunn i Finnmarks forhistorie. Oslo: Universitetetsforlaget.Google Scholar
Orchard, T.J. & Clark, T.. 2005. Multidimensional scaling of Northwest Coast faunal assemblages: a case study from southern Haida Gwaii, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Archaeology 29(1): 88112.Google Scholar
Renouf, M.A.P. 1989. Prehistoric hunter-fishers of Varangerfjord, northeastern Norway: reconstruction of settlement and subsistence during the Younger Stone Age (British Archaeological Reports International Series 487). Oxford: British Archaeological Reports.Google Scholar
Rowley-Conwy, P. 2001. Time, change and the archaeology of hunter-gatherers, in Panter-Brick, C., Layton, R.H. & Rowley-Conwy, P. (ed.) Hunter-gatherers: an interdisciplinary perspective: 3972. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schanche, K. 1994. Gressbakkentuftene i Varanger. Boliger og sosial struktur rundt 2000 f.Kr. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Tromsø.Google Scholar
Simonsen, P. 1961. Varanger-funnene II (Tromsø Museums Skrifter 7.2). Tromsø: Tromsø Museum.Google Scholar
Simonsen, P. 1963. Varanger-funnene III (Tromsø Museums Skrifter 7.3). Tromsø: Tromsø Museum.Google Scholar
Storå, J. 2002. Neolithic seal exploitation on the Åland Islands in the Baltic Sea on the basis of epiphyseal fusion data and metric studies. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 12: 4964.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilley, C. 1994. A phenomenology of landscape: places, paths and monuments. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar
Vorren, Ø. 1975. Man and reindeer in northern Scandinavia: economic and social aspects. Folk 17: 243252.Google Scholar
Zedeño, M.N. 2008. The archaeology of territory and territoriality, in David, B. & Thomas, J. (ed.) Handbook of landscape archaeology: 210217. Walnut Creek (CA): Left Coast Press.Google Scholar