Hostname: page-component-6b989bf9dc-pkhfk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-14T17:40:13.993Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Venerable Bede, druidic tonsure and archaeology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Natalie Venclová
Natalie Venclová*
Affiliation:
Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Letenská 4, CZ-11801 Prague 1, Czech Republic. venclova@arup.cas.cz
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Dr Venclová is well known to readers of ANTIQUITY as the excavator of the site of Mšecké Žehrovice in Bohemia, find-place of the most famous example of Iron Age human representation. What she presents here is a provocative theory — that the Mšecké Žehrovice stone head represents a Celtic druid!

Keywords

Iron AgeEarly ChristianEuropedruidstonsure
Type
Papers
Information
Antiquity , Volume 76 , Issue 292 , June 2002 , pp. 458 - 471
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd. 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreae, B. 1991. L’image des Celtes dans le monde antique: l’art hellénistique, in Les Celtes: 61–9.Google Scholar
Arcelin, P., Dedet, B. & Schwaller, M. 1992. Espaces publics, espaces religieux protohistoriques en Gaule méridionale, Documents d’Archéologie Méridionale 15: 181–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arnold, B. & Gibson, D.B. (ed.). 1995. Celtic chiefdom, Celtic state. The evolution of complex social systems in prehistoric Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Arslan, E. 1991. Les Transpadans, in Les Celtes: 461–70.Google Scholar
Bergquist, A. & Taylor, T. 1987. The origin of the Gundestrup cauldron, Antiquity 61: 10–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bieber, M. 1928. Griechische Kleidung. Burlin: Walter du Gruytur.Google Scholar
Birkhan, H. 1997. Kelten. Versuch einer Gesamtdarstellung ihrer Kultur. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Google Scholar
Borkovsky, I. 1946. Kultská tvár z Čech, Ohzorpraehistorickv 13: 16–22.Google Scholar
Brunaux, J.L. 1996. Les religions gauloises. Rituels celtiques de la Gaule indépendante. Paris: Errance.Google Scholar
Colgravk, B. & Mynors, R.A.B. (ed.) 1969. Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Coulon, G. 2000. La survivance du druidisme à l’époque gallo-romaine, in L’Archéologue…: 52–5Google Scholar
Ckeighton, J. 1995. Visions of power: imagery and symbols in Late Iron Age Britain, Britannia 26: 285–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daire, M.Y. & Langouet, L. 1992. Une sculpture anthropomorphe gauloise dans un enclos à Yvignac (Côte d’Armor), Les Dossiers du Ce.R.A.A. 20: 5–16.Google Scholar
Dannheimer, H. & Gebhard, R., (ed.). 1993. Dos keltische Jahrtausend. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.Google Scholar
Dietler, M. 1994. ‘Our ancestors the Gauls’: archaeology, ethnic nationalism and the manipulation of Celtic identity in modern Europe, American Anthropologist 96: 584–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dillon, M. & Quin, E.G. (ed.). 1983. Dictionary of the Irish language. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.Google Scholar
Dowden, J. 1896. An examination of original documents on the question of the form of the Celtic tonsure. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 30: 325–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drda, P. & RybovÁ, A. 1995. Les Celtes de Bohême. Paris: Errance.Google Scholar
Dunham, S.B. 1995. Caesar’s perception of Gallic social structures, in Arnold, & Gibson, (ed.): 110–15.Google Scholar
Frey, O.-H. & Herrmann, F.-R. 1997. Ein frühkeltischer Fürstengrabhügel am Glauberg im Wetteraukreis, Hessen, Germania 75: 459–522.Google Scholar
Guggisrkkg, M.A. 2000. Der Goldschatz von Erstfeld. Ein keltischer Bilderzyklus zwischen Mitteleuropa und der Mittelmeerwelt. Basel: Verlag Schweizerische Gesselschaft für Ur- und Frühgeschichte.Google Scholar
Haddan, A.W. & Stubbs, W. (ed.). [1869–71] 1964. Councils and ecclesiastical documents relating to Great Britain and Ireland. Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Reprinted.)Google Scholar
Hachmann, R. 1990. Gundestrup-Studien, Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission 71: 565–903.Google Scholar
Jacobsthal, P. |1944] 1969. Early Celtic art. Oxford. (Reprinted.)Google Scholar
Joyce, P.W. 1903. A social history of ancient Ireland. London: Longmans, Green & Co.Google Scholar
Kaschnitz-Weinberg, G. 1926. Studien zur etruskischen und frührömischen Porträtkunst, Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Römische Abteilung XLI: 133–211.Google Scholar
Kaul, F. 1991. Le chaudron de Gundestrup, in Les Celtes: 538–9.Google Scholar
Kennky, J.F. [1929] 1979. The sources for the early history of Ireland: ecclesiastical. Dublin: Pádraic Ó Táilliúir. (Reprinted.)Google Scholar
Kimmig, W. 1987. Eisenzeitliche Grabstelen in Mitteleuropa, Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg 12: 251–297.Google Scholar
Krausz, S., Soyer, C. & Buchsenschutz, O. 1989. Une statue de pierre anthropomorphe à Levroux, Reme Archéologique du Centre de la France 28: 77–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kruta, V. 1992. Brennos et l’image des dieux: la représentation de la figure humaine chez les Celles, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lellres, Comptes rendus 1992: 821–843. Paris.Google Scholar
Lambert, P.-Y. 2000. Druidisme irlandais et gallois, in LArchéologue…: 56–7.Google Scholar
L’Archéologue, Archéologie nouvelle. Les Druides. 2000. Paris: Errance. Hors serie, No. 2.Google Scholar
Les Celtes. 1991. Milano: Bompiani.Google Scholar
Mac Cana, P. 1991. Religion et mythologie celtiques, in Les Celtes: 596–604.Google Scholar
Megaw, J.V.S. & Megaw, M.R. 1988. The stone head from Msecké Zehrovice : a reappraisal, Antiquity 62: 630–41.Google Scholar
Megaw, R. & Mecaw, V. 1989. C’eiric art. From its beginnings to the Book of Kelts. London: Thames & Hudson.Google Scholar
Megaw, R. & Mecaw, V. 1998. The stone head from Msecké Zehrovice: an essay on the human head in Earlv Celtic art, in: Venclová 1998: 281–92,Google Scholar
Menez, Y., with Giot, P.-R., Laubenheimer, F., Le Goff, E. & Vendries, C. 1999. Les sculptures gauloises de Paule (Côtcs-d’Armor), Gallia 56: 357–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, M.L. 1995. Viereckschanzen and feasting: socio-political ritual in Iron-Age centxal Europe, Journal of European Archaeology 3.2: 125–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plggott, S. 1968. The druids. London: Thames & Hudson.Google Scholar
Patterson, N.T. 1995. Clans are not primordial: pre-Viking Irish society and the modelling of pre-Roman societies in northern Europe, in Arnold, & Gibson, (ed.): 129–36.Google Scholar
Ryan, J. [1931] 1992. Irish monasticism: origins and early development. Dublin: Four Courts Press. (Reprinted.)Google Scholar
Salviat, F. 1993. La sculpture d’Entremont, in Coutagne, D. (ed.), Archéologie d’Entremont au Musée Grauet: 165–239. Aix-en-Proveiice: Museu Granet.Google Scholar
Stokes, W. 1887. The tripartite life of Patrick with other documents relating to that saint. Part I. London: Eyre & Spottiswood.Google Scholar
SzabÓ, M. 1972. Celtic art and history in the Carpathian Basin, Acta Archaeologica Hungarica 24: 385–93.Google Scholar
Schwarz, K. 1975. Die Geschichte eines keltischen Témenos im nördlichen Alpenvorland, in Ausgrabungen in Deutschland 1: 324–58. Mainz: Römisch-Germanische Zentralmuseum.Google Scholar
VenclovÄ, N. 1989. Msecké Zehrovice, Bohemia: excavations 1979–88, Antiquity 63: 142–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VenclovÄ, N. 1993. Celtic shrines in Central Europe: sceptical approach, Oxford Journal of Archaeology 12: 55–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VenclovÄ, N. 1997. On enclosures, pots and trees in the forest, Journal of European Archaeology 5.1: 131–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VenclovÄ, N. 1998. Msecké Zehrovice in Bohemia. Archaeological background to a Celtic hero. 3rd-2nd cent. BC. Sceaux: Kronos Editions.Google Scholar
Wait, G.A. 1985. Ritual and religion in Iron Age Britain. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports. British series 149.Google Scholar
Wasserschleben, F.W.H. 1885. Die Irische Kanonensammlung. Leipzig. 2nd edition.Google Scholar
Wieland, G. 1999. Keltische Viereckschanzen. Einem Rätsel auf der Spur. Stuttgart: Konrad Thciss Verlag.Google Scholar