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Evaluation of Agave Fiber Delignification by Means of Microscopy Techniques and Image Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 August 2014

Hilda M. Hernández-Hernández ,
Jorge J. Chanona-Pérez ,
Georgina Calderón-Domínguez ,
María. J. Perea-Flores ,
Jorge A. Mendoza-Pérez ,
Alberto Vega ,
Pablo Ligero ,
Eduardo Palacios-González  and
Reynold R. Farrera-Rebollo
Hilda M. Hernández-Hernández
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C. P. 11340, México D.F., Mexico
Jorge J. Chanona-Pérez*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C. P. 11340, México D.F., Mexico
Georgina Calderón-Domínguez
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C. P. 11340, México D.F., Mexico
María. J. Perea-Flores
Affiliation:
Centro de Nanociencias y Micro-Nanotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Col. Zacatenco, C. P. 07738, México D.F., Mexico
Jorge A. Mendoza-Pérez
Affiliation:
Departamento Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu s/n U, Profesor Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 México D.F., Mexico
Alberto Vega
Affiliation:
Departamento Química Física e Enxeñería Química I, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15071A Coruña España, Spain
Pablo Ligero
Affiliation:
Departamento Química Física e Enxeñería Química I, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15071A Coruña España, Spain
Eduardo Palacios-González
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica de Ultra Alta Resolución, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas N.152, Edif. 33, Colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan, C. P. 07730, México D.F., Mexico
Reynold R. Farrera-Rebollo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C. P. 11340, México D.F., Mexico
*
*Corresponding author.jorge_chanona@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Recently, the use of different types of natural fibers to produce paper and textiles from agave plants has been proposed. Agave atrovirens can be a good source of cellulose and lignin; nevertheless, the microstructural changes that happen during delignification have scarcely been studied. The aim of this work was to study the microstructural changes that occur during the delignification of agave fibers by means of microscopy techniques and image analysis. The fibers of A. atrovirens were obtained from leaves using convective drying, milling, and sieving. Fibers were processed using the Acetosolv pulping method at different concentrations of acetic acid; increasing acid concentration promoted higher levels of delignification, structural damage, and the breakdown of fiber clumps. Delignification followed by spectrometric analysis and microstructural studies were carried out by light, confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy and showed that the delignification process follows three stages: initial, bulk, and residual. Microscopy techniques and image analysis were efficient tools for microstructural characterization during delignification of agave fibers, allowing quantitative evaluation of the process and the development of linear prediction models. The data obtained integrated numerical and microstructural information that could be valuable for the study of pulping of lignocellulosic materials.

Keywords

scanning electron microscopyconfocal laser scanningAcetosolv pulpingagave waste
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 20 , Issue 5 , October 2014 , pp. 1436 - 1446
Copyright
© Microscopy Society of America 2014 

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