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Factories for Votes? How Authoritarian Leaders Gain Popular Support Using Targeted Industrial Policy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2014

Ji Yeon Hong  and
Sunkyoung Park
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Abstract

This article explores the link between industrial policy and electoral outcomes under dictatorship. Using a difference-in-differences analysis of county-level panel data from 1971–88 in South Korea, it examines whether the industrial policy implemented by an authoritarian government affects constituents’ electoral decisions. It finds that counties receiving economic benefits through the construction of industrial complexes cast more votes for the incumbent party in subsequent elections. The effects are larger in elections immediately after the appointment of an industrial complex or at the beginning of its construction compared to elections held after the completion of construction. Furthermore, the study tests and rejects reverse causality and migration effects as possible alternative mechanisms for the changes in electoral outcomes. Finally, to understand a unique feature of authoritarian elections, it tests whether industrial complexes affect electoral fraud. Using a genetic matching methodology, it finds that places with new industrial complexes are less likely to experience electoral fraud.

Type
Articles
Information
British Journal of Political Science , Volume 46 , Issue 3 , July 2016 , pp. 501 - 527
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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Footnotes

*

Division of Social Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (email: jyhong@ust.hk); Department of Politics, New York University (email: sp1702@nyu.edu). We would like to thank Paul Y. Chang, Oeindrila Dube, Woo Chang Kang, Nae-Young Lee, Ben Pasquale, Adam Przeworski, Jae Hyeok Shin, Pedro Silva, panel participants at the 2012 Association of Asian Studies Annual Conference and four anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Any errors or omissions are our own. Online appendices and data replication sets are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007123414000349.

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