Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T00:07:16.111Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

African Studies in China in the Twentieth Century: A Historiographical Survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2014

Li Anshan
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract:

This article surveys African studies in China during the twentieth century. It is divided into five parts: “Sensing Africa” (1900–1949), “Supporting Africa” (1949–65), “Understanding Africa” (1966–76), and “Studying Africa” (1977–2000). From a Chinese perspective, the author tells how, when, and why Chinese scholars have conducted their research on Africa according to paradigms that evolved during the last century. In conclusion, the author points out the achievements as well as the problems in African studies in China today.

Résumé:

Résumé:

Cet article propose un aperçu des études africaines menées en Chine au cours du vingtième siècle. Il est divisé en cinq parties: «Approcher l'Afrique» (1900–1949), «Soutenir l'Afrique» (1949–65), «Comprendre l'Afrique» (1966–76) et «Étudier l'Afrique» (1977–2000). A partir d'une perspective chinoise, l'auteur examine comment, quand, et pourquoi les chercheurs chinois ont mené leur recherche sur l'Afrique, selon des paradigmes qui ont évolué au cours du siècle. En conclusion, l'auteur souligne les succès et les difficultés rencontrés par les études africaines en Chine aujourd'hui.

Type
Research Article
Information
African Studies Review , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , April 2005 , pp. 59 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abromova, S. U. 1983. Africa: 400 Years of Slave Trade. Beijing.Google Scholar
Zhouchang, Ai. ed. 1989. Zhong Fei Guanxi Shi Wen Xuan (Selection of Materials on Sino-African Relations). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Zhouchang, Ai. 1995. “An Examination of the Travel in Africa by Du Huan.” Xiya Feizhou (West Asia and Africa) 3.Google Scholar
Zhouchang, Ai, ed. 1999. Feizhou Heiren Wenming (African Black Civilizations). Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Publishing House.Google Scholar
Zhouchang, Ai et al. 2000. Nanfei Xiandaihua Yanjiu (A Study on Modernization in South Africa). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Zhouchang, Ai and Tao, Mu. 1996. Zhong Fei Guanxi Shi (A History of Sino-African Relations). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Zhouchang, Ai and Jiaxing, Zheng, 1996. Feizhou Tongshi: Jindai Juan (A History of Africa, Volume of Modern Time). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Anonymous, . 1957. Feizhou Lie Guo Zhi (History of Countries of Africa). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros. 1972. Les Conglits de Frontieres en Afrique. Paris: Edition Technique et Economique (Beijing, 1979).Google Scholar
Zhongmian, Cen. 1935. “Chinese Sea Route in Tang Dynasty: From Persian Gulf to East Africa” Dongfang Zazhi (Oriental Miscellany) 41 (18).Google Scholar
Center for African Studies, Peking University, ed. 2000. Zhongguo yu Feizhou (China and Africa). Beijing: Peking University Press.Google Scholar
Center for African Studies, Peking University, ed. 2002. Feizhou: Biange yu Fazhan (Africa: Change and Development). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Gongyuan, Chen. 1980. “Mahdi Uprising in Sudanese history.” Jiaoxue Tongxun 12 (Bulletin for Teaching).Google Scholar
Gongyuan, Chen. 1985. Gudai Feizhou yu Zhongguo de Youhao Jiaowang (Friendly Contact between Africa and China in Ancient Times). Beijing: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Hansheng, Chen, ed. 1984. Huagong Chuguo Shiliao Huibian (Compilation of Data of Chinese Labor Abroad). Vol. 9, Chinese Labor in Africa. Beijing: Zhonghua Publishing House.Google Scholar
Li, Chen, ed. 1959. Kamailong Renmin Fandui Zhiminzhuyi de Douzheng (Cameroon People's Anti-Colonialist Struggle). Hebei People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Muo, Chen. 1995. Feizhou Shichang Zhuzhi (African Market Organization). Beijing: Chinese Encyclopedia Publishing House.Google Scholar
Yifei, Chen, ed. 1994. Kaituo Nanfei Shichang: Huanjing yu Jiyu (Explore the Market in South Africa: Environment and Opportunity). Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Publishing House.Google Scholar
Zhongdan, Chen. 2000. Jiana: Xunzhao Xiandaihua de Genji (Ghana: Looking for a Base for Modernization). Chengdu: Sichuan People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Zhongde, Chen, Guimei, Yao, and Yushu, Fan, eds. 2000. Feizhou Geguo Nongye Gaikuang (Generalization of Agriculture Development in African Nations). Vol. 2. Beijing: Chinese Financial Economic Press.Google Scholar
Chinese Society of African Historical Studies. 1982. Feizhoushi Lunwen Ji (Collection of Papers on African History), Beijing: Joint Publishing.Google Scholar
Chinese Society of African Historical Studies. 1984. Feizhou Tongshi (A General History of Africa). Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Chinese Society of African Historical Studies and Documentation Section of Peking Library, ed. 1982. Feizhou Wenti Yanjiu Zhongwen Wenxian Mulu, 1949–1981 (Bibliography of African Studies in Chinese, 1949–1981). Beijing.Google Scholar
Cornevin, Robert. 1959. Histoire du Togo. Paris: Edition Berger-Levrault (Shanghai, 1974).Google Scholar
Cornevin, Robert. 1962. Histoire du Dahomey. Paris: Editions Berger-Levrault (Shanghai, 1976).Google Scholar
Cornevin, Robert. 1970. Histoire du Congo Leopoldville-Kinshassa. Paris: Editions Berger-Levrault (Beijing, 1974).Google Scholar
Qinglian, Cui. 1995. “Multi-Party Democratic Model of the West Does Not Fit the Reality of Black Africa.” Xiya Feizhou 1 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. 1955. The African Awakening. London: Victor Gollancz (Beijing: 1957).Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. 1965. A History of West Africa, 1000–1800. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. 1960. Old Africa Rediscovered. London: Victor Gollancz (Beijing, 1973).Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. 1961. Black Mother: The Years of the African Slave Trade. London: Victor Gollancz (Beijing, 1965).Google Scholar
Davidson, Basil. 1978. Africa in Modern History: The Search for a New Society. London: Penguin Books Ltd (Beijing, 1989).Google Scholar
De Bary, Wm. Theodore, Chan, Wing-Tsit, and Tan, Chester, eds. 1960. Sources of Chinese Tradition. Vol. 2. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Bangying, Ding. 1981. “Maji Maji Uprising.” Xiya Feizhou 3 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Diop, Majhemout. 1958. Contribution à l'étude des Problèm Politiques en Afrique Noire. Paris: Presence Africaine (Beijing, 1961).Google Scholar
Du Bois, W.E.B. 1961. Africa: An Essay Towards a History of the Continent. Moscow (Beijing, 1964).Google Scholar
Huan, Du. A.D.762[?]. Jing Xing Ji (Record of My Travels). Preserved in Du You, Tong Dian (Encyclopedia), A.D. 812.Google Scholar
Chengshi, Duan. 850. Yuyang Za Zu (Assorted Dishes from Yuyang), A.D.850.Google Scholar
Duyvendak, J. J. L. 1947. China's Discovery of Africa. Hertford: Stephen Austin and Sons (Beijing, 1983).Google Scholar
Fage, J. D. 1969. A History of West Africa: An Introductory Survey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Shanghai, 1977).Google Scholar
Yong, Fan, ed. 1957. Mologe, Tunishi, A'erjiliya de Minzhu Duli Yundong (The National Independent Movement in Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria). Shanghai: People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Jigen, Fang. 1986. Feizhou Huaqiao Shi Ziliao Xuanji (Selection of Data of the History of Overseas Chinese in Africa). Beijing: Xinhua Press.Google Scholar
Xin, Fei. 1954 [A.D.1436]. Xing Cha Sheng Lan (Triumphant Tour of the Star Raft). Edited by Chengjun, Feng. Beijing: Zhonghua Press.Google Scholar
Jianwei, Feng. 1994. Niri'er He Kaocha Ji (Notes on the Exploration of River Niger Area). Beijing: Beijing Language College Press.Google Scholar
Filesi, Teobaldo. 1972. China and Africa in the Middle Ages. Translated by Morison, David L.. London: Frank Cass.Google Scholar
First, Ruth. 1963. South West Africa. London: Penguin Books (Shandong, 1978).Google Scholar
Fischer, Wilhelm. 1962. Ober-Volta. Bonn: Kurt-Schroeder (Shanghai, 1977).Google Scholar
Fitzgeral, Walter. 1955. Africa: A Social, Economic and Political Geography of Its Major Regions. London: Methuen & Co. (Beijing, 1963).Google Scholar
Fyfe, Christopher. 1962. A History of Sierra Leone. London: Oxford University Press (Shanghai, 1973).Google Scholar
Changrong, Gao. 1983a. Feizhou Xiju Ji (Selection of Dramas in Africa). Beijing: Foreign Literature Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Changrong, Gao. 1983b. Feizhou Dangdai Zhong Duan Pian Xiaoshuo Xuan (Selection of Novels in Contemporary Africa). Beijing: Foreign Literature Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Gao, James. 2001. “A History of Chinese Overseas in Africa.” African Studies Review 44 (1): 164–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jinyuan, Gao. 1984. “China and Africa: The Development of Relations Over Many Centuries.” African Affairs 83: 331.Google Scholar
Gongshang, Ge. 1995. “Nationalism and Tribalism in Africa.” Xiya Feizhou 5 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Gongshang, Ge and Feng, Chao. 1980. Feizhou Minzu Gaikuang (Survey of African Nationalities). Institute of Ethnic Studies, CASS.Google Scholar
Gongshang, Ge and Feng, Chao. 1982. Feizhou Shoulie Minzu yu Youmu Minzu (Hunting Nationalities and Nomadic Nationalities in Africa). Institute of Ethnic Studies, CASS.Google Scholar
Gongshang, Ge and Feng, Chao. 1984. Xifei Minzu Gaikuang (Nationalities in West Africa). Institute of Ethnic Studies, CASS.Google Scholar
Gongshang, Ge and Yifu, Li. 1981. Feizhou Minzu Renkou yu Fenbu (African Nationalities: Population and Distribution). Institute of Ethnic Studies, CASS.Google Scholar
Gongshang, Ge and Limei, Song. 1987. Zhongfei Minzu Gaikuang (Nationalities in Central Africa). Institute of Ethnic Studies, CASS.Google Scholar
Jie, Ge et al. 1989. Nanbu Feizhou Dongluan de Genyuan (Origin of the Disturbance in Southern Africa). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Jie, Ge. 1994. Nanfei: Furao er Duonan de Tudi (South Africa: A Rich Land with Bitterness). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Jie, Ge. 1997. “China.” In Middleton, John, ed., Encyclopedia of Africa, South of the Sahara. Vol. 4. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.Google Scholar
Jie, Ge. 2000. Jianming Feizhou Baikequanshu: Sahala Yi Nan (Concise Encyclopedia of Sub-Saharan Africa). Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Publishing House.Google Scholar
Zhangyi, Gu. 1997. “ ‘Buzu’ or ‘Nation’?” Shijie Minzu 2 (World Ethno-National Studies).Google Scholar
Gunther, John. 1955. Inside Africa. London: Hamish Hamilton (Beijing, 1957).Google Scholar
Fangchuan, He. 1987. “The Relationship between China and African History.” UCLA African Studies Center Newsletter, Fall.Google Scholar
Fangchuan, He and Sao, Nin. 1996. Feizhou Tongshi: Gudai Juan (A History of Africa: Volume of Ancient Time). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Li-er, He. 1995. Nanbu Feizhou de Yi Ke Mingzhu: Jinbabuwei (A Pearl in Southern Africa: Jinbabuwei). Beijing: Contemporary World Press.Google Scholar
Xiurong, He, Xiuqing, Wang, and Ping, Li, eds. 2000. Feizhou Nongchanping Shichang he Maoyi (African Afro-Product Market and Trade). Beijing: Chinese Financial Economic Press.Google Scholar
Yonghong, Hong and Xinghua, Xia, 2000. Feizhou Fa Daolun (An Introduction to African Law). Changsha: Hunan People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
You'e, Hu. 1980. “African National Independence Movement after World War II.” Xiya Feizhou 3 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Zengyue, Huang. 1940. Aiji Gou Cheng (A Study of Egypt). Changsha: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Hutchison, Alan. 1975. China's African Revolution. London: Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Hutchison, Alan. 1996. Conference on Prospects of Political and Economic Development in South Africa. Beijing: Institute of West-Asian and African Studies, CASS, and the Ford Foundation.Google Scholar
Battuta, Ibn. 1929. Ibn Battuta Travels in Asia and Africa 1325–1354. Translated and selected by Gibb, H. A. R.. London: George Routiedge & Sons.Google Scholar
Institute of West Asian and African Studies, CASS. 1981. Feizhou Gaikuang (Overview of Africa). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Institute of West Asian and African Studies, CASS. 1996. Conference on Prospects of Political and Economic Development in South Africa. Organized by the Institute of West-Asian and African Studies, CASS, sponsored by the Ford Foundation, Beijing.Google Scholar
Institute of West Asian and African Studies, CASS. 1998. Africa Beyond 2000. Symposium on the Development Perspective of Africa Towards the 21st Century, Beijing.Google Scholar
Institute of West Asian and African Studies, CASS. 2001. “40 Years of the Institute of West Asian and African Studies, CASS, 1961–2001“ (draft).Google Scholar
Xuecheng, Jiang. 1979. “The Anti-British Struggle of the Matabele and Mashona in Modern South Africa.” Jiangshu Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao 4 (Journal of Jiangshu Normal College).Google Scholar
Joye, Pierre, and Lewin, Posine. 1961. Les Trusts au Congo. Bruxelles: Societe Populaire d'Edition (Beijing, 1964).Google Scholar
Kimambo, I. N., and Temu, A. J., eds. 1969. A History of Tanzania. Nairobi: East African Publishing House (Beijing, 1976).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 1985. “On the Formation and Development of West African Intellectuals.” Xiya Feizhou 6 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 1986. “The Characteristics of West African Intellectuals and Their Role in National Independence Movements.” Shijie Lishi 3 (World History).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 1996b. “New Glory, New Beginning.” Review of General History of Africa.” Xiya Feizhou 1 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 1998a. Zhiminzhuyi Tongzhi yu Nongcun Shehui Fankang: Dui Zhimin Shiqi Jiana Dongbu Sheng de Yanjiu (Colonial Rule and Rural Social Protest: A Study of Eastern Province in Colonial Ghana). Changsha: Hunan Educational Press.Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 1998b. “The Issue of ‘Tribe’ in African Studies in China.” Xiya Feizhou 3 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 2000. Feizhou Huaqiao Huaren Shi (A History of Chinese Overseas in Africa). Beijing: Overseas Chinese Publishing House.Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 2001a. “Local Nationalism in Africa: An Analysis of Its Origin.” Beida Shi Xue 8 (Clio at Beida).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 2001b. “An Analysis of the Evolution of Local Nationalism in Africa.” Shi Jie Jing Ji Yu Zheng Zhi 5 (World Economics and Politics).Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 2002. British Rule and Rural Protest in Southern Ghana. New York: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Anshan, Li. 2004. Feizhou Minzu Zhuyi Yanjiu (Study on African Nationalism). Beijing: China's International Broadcast Publisher.Google Scholar
Baoping, Li. 1993. “The Characteristics of Traditional Culture of Black Africa.” Beijing Daxue Xuebao 6 (Peking University Journal, Humanities and Social Sciences).Google Scholar
Baoping, Li. 1997. Feizhou Chuantong Wenhua yu Xiandai Hua (Tradition and Modernization in Africa). Beijing: Peking University Press.Google Scholar
Changlin, Li and Junming, Yang. 1995. “Chinese Narration of Egypt in the End of Qing Dynasty.” Alabo Shijie (Arab World) 1.Google Scholar
Jidong, Li. 1983. “On the Causes of Ending the Slave Trade.” Feizhou Wenti Cankao Ziliao 7 (African Issues Reference Data).Google Scholar
Jidong, Li. 1994. “A Survey of the Study of ‘Bantu Migration’ Abroad.” Xiya Feizhou Ziliao (West Asia and African Data) 2.Google Scholar
Jidong, Li. 1997. Xiandaihua de Yanwu: Dui Duli Huo de “Feizhou Bing” de Chubu Fenxi (An Analysis on Delayed Modernization in Africa). Beijing: Chinese Economic Press.Google Scholar
Miao, Li. 1988. Hei Feizhou Diaoke (Sculpture in Black Africa). Beijing: Workers Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Qingyu, Li 1979. “World War I and the National Liberation Movement in Africa.” Nanjing Daxue Shixue Luncong 2 (Nanjing University History Series).Google Scholar
Hongwu, Liu. 1997. Hei Feizhou Wenhua Yanjiu (A Study on Black African Culture). Shanghai: East Normal University.Google Scholar
Hongwu, Liu. 2000. Cong Buzu Shehui dao Minzu Guojia: Niriliya Guojia Fazhan Shigang (From Tribal Society to Nation-State: The Outline of the Development of Nigerian State). Kunming: Yunnan University Press.Google Scholar
Lan, Liu. 2001. “Nanfei Bairen Jingji yu Zhongzu Geli Zhi de Lishi Kaocha” (Studies on Relations between White Economy and Apartheid in South Africa). Ph.D. diss., Department of History, Peking University.Google Scholar
Naiya, Liu. 2000. “Nanfei Gongyehua Jingcheng Zhong de Liudong Laogong Zhidu Yanjiu” (Labor Migration in Industrialization of South Africa). Ph.D. diss., Department of History, Peking University.Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu. 1981a. “On David Livingston.” Beijing Daxue Xuebao 5 (Journal of Peking University).Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu. 1981b. “On the Causes of the Mau Mau Uprising.” Shixue Yuekan 2 (History Monthly).Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu. 1986. Feizhou yu Diguozhuyi (Africa and Imperialism). Beijing: Peking University Press.Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu. 1995. “West Countries' Multi-Party System Does Not Fit Africa.” Guoji Shehui yu Jingji 3–4 (International Society and Economy).Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu, ed. 2000. Feizhou Nongye Fazhan Jianshi (Brief History of Development of African Agriculture). Beijing: Chinese Financial Economic Press.Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu and Jing, Liu. 1997. Feizhou Minzuzhuyi Zhengdang he Zhengdang Zhidu (African Nationalist Parties and Party System). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Ting-en, Lu and Kunyuan, Peng. 1996. Feizhou Tongshi: Xiandai Juan (A History of African: Volume of Contemporary Time). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Hongzhang, Luo 1979. “When Did the Ethiopian Anti-Italian War End?” Xinan Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao 4 (Journal of Southwestern Normal College).Google Scholar
Jianguo, Luo. 1984. “A Comprehensive Review on the Impact of the Atiantic Slave Trade on the Development of Capitalism.” Jiangxi Daxue Xuebao 2 (Journal of Jiangxi University).Google Scholar
Jianguo, Luo. 1996. Feizhou Minzu Zichanjieji Yanjiu (A Study of African National Bourgeoisie). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Ke, Luo, ed. 1956. Gaoju Fan Zhiminzhuyi Qizhi de Aiji (Egypt, Holding High the Banner of Anti-Colonialism). Beijing: Hunan People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Huan, Ma. 1970 [1433]. Triumpant Tour of the Ocean's Shores (Ying Yai Sheng Lan). Translated and edited by Mills, U. V. G., for Hakluyt Society. Cambridge: Cambrige University Press.Google Scholar
Tong, Ma. 1959. “The National Liberation Struggle in Algeria.” Lishi Jiaoxue 1 (Teaching History).Google Scholar
Wenkuan, Ma and Fanren, Meng. 1987. Zhongguo Guci zai Feizhou de Faxian (The Discovery of Chinese Ancient Porcelains in Africa). Beijing: Forbidden City Press.Google Scholar
Tianyou, Mao. 1979. “The South African People's Armed Struggle against Colonial Invasion in the I7th-19th Centuries.” Ya Fei Wenti Yanjiu 1 (Study of Asian African Issues).Google Scholar
Zedong, Mao. 1994. Mao Zedong Waijiao Wenxian (Selections of Mao Tsetung's Works on Diplomacy). Beijung: Central Documentation Publishing House and World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Zedong, Mao. 1996. Jian Guo Yi Lai Mao Zedong Wen Gao (Mao Zedong's Manuscripts, Speeches and Articles since the Founding of the People's Republic of China). Vol. 9 (01 1960-December 1961). Beijing: Central Documentation Publishing House.Google Scholar
Mckay, Vernon. 1963. Africa in World Politics. New York: Harper and Row (Beijing, 1965).Google Scholar
Qingshun, Meng. 1990. “Soviet's Study on Egyptian Modern History.” Shijie Shi Yanjiu Dongtai (Development in World History Studies) 2.Google Scholar
Mtshali, B. Vulindlela. 1967. Rhodesia: Background to Conflict. New York: Hawthorn Books (Beijing, 1973).Google Scholar
Zhong, Na. 1957. “Egyptian People's Struggle against Napolean and the National Awakening.” Renwen Kexue Zazhi (Humanities Science Journal) 1.Google Scholar
Zhong, Na. 1963. Aiji Jingxiandai Jianshi (A Concise History of Modern Egypt). Beijing, Joint Publishing.Google Scholar
Nasser, Gamal Abdul. 1954. The Philosophy of the Revolution. Cairo: Government Press (Beijing, 1956).Google Scholar
Needham, Joseph. 1959. Science and Civilization in China. Vol. 3. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sao, Nin. 1983. “An Analysis on the Issue of ‘Tribe’ in Contemporary Africa.” Shijie Lishi (World History) 4.Google Scholar
Sao, Nin. 1993. Feizhou Heiren Wenhua (Black African Culture). Hangzhou: Zhejiang People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Nketia, Kwabena. 1962. African Music in Ghana. Accra: Longman (Beijing, 1982).Google Scholar
Nkrumah, Kwame. 1957. The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah. Edinburgh: Thomas Nelson and Sons (Beijing, 1960).Google Scholar
Nkrumah, Kwame. 1965. Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism. Edinburgh: Thomas Nelson and Sons (Beijing, 1966).Google Scholar
Il-hwan, Oh. 1998. “Lun Dangdai Zhongguo Dui Feizhou Zhengce ji Shijian” (On Contemporary China's Policy towards Africa and Its Practice). Ph.D. diss., School of International Studies, Peking University.Google Scholar
Oliver, Roland, and Atmore, Anthony. 1981. Africa since 1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Beijing, 1992).Google Scholar
Guang, Pan and Weilie, Zhu. 1992. Translated Materials on Arabic Africa. Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Parrinder, E. G. 1974. African Tradtional Religion. London: Sheldon Press (Beijing, 1992).Google Scholar
Kunyuan, Pen et al. 1978. “A Glorious Page in the Sudanese Anti-Colonialist Struggle: The Mahdi Uprising in 1881–1885.” Lishi Yanjiu 3 (Historical Research).Google Scholar
Program of African Studies at Northwestern University. 1959. United States Foreign Policy: Africa. Washington, D.C. (Beijing, 1960).Google Scholar
Qichen, Qian. 2003. Waijiao Shi Ji (The Stories of A Diplomat). World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Xiaoying, Qin. 1980. “Can National Bourgeois Lead Contemporary National Liberation Movement: An Analysis of the Characteristics of Kenyan Proletariat and National Bourgeois and Their Historical Role.” Shijie Shi Yanjiu Dongtai 2 (Developments in World History Studies).Google Scholar
Xiaoying, Qin. 1981. “The Rise of Nigerian Modern Nationalism and Its Characteristics.” Shijie Lishi (World History) 2.Google Scholar
Baoluo, Ren, trans. 1907. The Political History of Egypt. Shanghai: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Mei'e, Ren and Qinshang, Yan. 1941. Suyishi Da Yunhe (Suez Canal). Shanghai: Daozhong Press.Google Scholar
Richards, Audrey I., ed. 1960. East African Chiefs. London: Faber and Faber (Beijing, 1992).Google Scholar
Seligman, C. G. 1930. Races of Africa. London: Thornton Butterworth (Beijing, 1982).Google Scholar
Fuwei, Shen. 1990. Zhongguo yu Feizhou: Zhong Fei Guanxi Er Qian Nian (China and Africa: Relations of 2000 Years). Beijing: Zhonghua Press.Google Scholar
Fuwei, Shen. 2004. Shibai de Gaige: 20 Shiji Muo Sahala Yi Nan Feizhou Guojia Jiegou Tiaozheng Pingshu (The Failed Reform: Structural Adjustment in Sub-Sahara African Countries at the End of the 20th Century). Changchun: Jilin People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Shibeika, Mekki. 1959. The Independent Sudan: The History of a Nation. New York: Robert Speller and Sons (Shanghai, 1973).Google Scholar
Yunguo, Shu. 1996. Feizhou Renkou Zengzhang yu Jingji Fazhan Yanjiu (A Study on African Population Increase and Economic Development). Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Yunguo, Shu. 2004. Shibai de Gaige: 20 Shiji Muo Sahala Yi Nan Feizhou Guojia Jiegou Tiaozheng Pingshu (The Failed Reform: Structural Adjustment in Sub-Sahara African Countries at the End of the 20th Century). Changchun: Jilin People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Sik, Endre. 1966. The History of Black Africa. Budapest: Hungarian Academy of Sciences. 4 vols. (Shanghai, 1973–1980).Google Scholar
Snow, Philip. 1988. The Star Raft: China's Encounter with Africa. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.Google Scholar
Shirong, Su et al. 1984. Feizhou Ziran Dili (African Natural Geography). Beijing: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Hongqi, Sun. 2000. “Nanfei Tudi Wenti de Chengyin” (The Genesis of South Africa's Land Problem). Ph.D. diss., Department of History, Peking University.Google Scholar
Yutang, Sun. 1979. “China and Egypt in Han Dynasty.” Zhongguo Shi Yanjiu (Study of Chinese History) 2.Google Scholar
Suret-Canale, Jean. 1958. Afrique Noire Occidentals et Centrale. Paris: Éditions sociales (Beijing, 1958).Google Scholar
Shizhong, Tan, ed. 1998. Fansi yu Fazhan: Feizhou Jingji Tiaozheng yu Ke Chixuxing (Reflection and Development: African Economic Adjustment and the Sustanability). Social Science Documentation Press.Google Scholar
Dadun, Tang. 1981. “The Rise and Development of Pan-Africanism and Its Historical Role.” Xiya Feizhou 6 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Dadun, Tang et al. 1994. Feizhou Shehuizhuyi Xinglun (A New Analysis on African Socialism). Beijing: Educational Press.Google Scholar
Tongming, Tang. 1981a. “National Liberation Movement in Sub-Sahara between the Wars and Its Characteristics.” ShixueYuekan 2 (History Monthly).Google Scholar
Tongming, Tang. 1981b. “On the Sudanese People's Struggle for National Independence.” Guiyang Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao 2 (Journal of Guiyang Normal College).Google Scholar
Tongming, Tang and Qun, Xiang. 1979. “On July Revolution in Egypt.” Guiyang Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao 3 (Guiyang Normal College).Google Scholar
Tindall, P. E. N. 1970. A History of Central Africa, London: Longman (Shanghai, 1976).Google Scholar
Toussaint, August. 1972. Histoire des iles mascareignes. Paris: Editions Berger-Levrault (Shanghai, 1977).Google Scholar
UNESCO. 1979. The African Slave Trade from the Fifteenth to the Nineteenth Century (Beijing, 1984).Google Scholar
UNESCO. 1981–1992. General History of Africa. 8 vols. (Beijing 1984–2002).Google Scholar
Cunliang, Wang. 1981. “The Struggle for Independence: With Reference to the Historical Role of National Bourgeois.” Shandong Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao 4 (Journal of Shangdong Normal College).Google Scholar
Junyi, Wang. 1959. “South African People's Fight against Racial Discrimination.” Guoji Wenti Yanjiu 4 (Study of International Affairs).Google Scholar
Shaokui, Wang. 1981. “Wafd and the National Independent Movement in Egypt, 1918–1922.” Lishi Yanjiu 1 (Historical Research).Google Scholar
Suolao, Wang. 2000. “Aiji Minzuzhuyi Yanjiu: Jian Lun Xian Dang Dai Aiji-A-la-bo Guanxi” (Studies in Egyptian Nationalism: Modern Relations between Egypt and the Arabs). Ph.D. diss., School of International Studies, Peking University.Google Scholar
Zhen, Wang. 1959. “Imperialist Invasion into Congo and the Struggle of the Congo People.” Guoji Wentin Yanjiu 8 (Study of International Affairs).Google Scholar
Yuan, Wei. 1842. Hai Guo Tu Zhi (Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Countries). Gu Wei Tang.Google Scholar
Xian, Wen. 1995. Heiren Jiaozi Mandela (Mandela: Son of the Black People). Beijing: Contemporary World Press.Google Scholar
Yunchao, Wen. 2000. Feizhou Nongye Ziyuan Kaifa Liyong (Development and Utilization of African Agricultural Resources). Beijing: Chinese Financial Economic Press.Google Scholar
Woddis, Jack. 1960. Africa: The Roots of Revolt. London (Beijing, 1962).Google Scholar
Woddis, Jack. 1961. Africa: The Lion Awakes. London (Beijing, 1963).Google Scholar
Bingzhen, Wu. 1983. “A Review of Contemporary Western Scholars' Viewpoints.” Shijie Lishi 1 (World History).Google Scholar
Bingzhen, Wu. 1984a. “The Beginning and Ending of African Slave Trade of 400 Years.” Shijie Lishi 4 (World History).Google Scholar
Bingzhen, Wu. 1984b. “A Study on the Impact of Slave Trade on Black Africa.” Xiya Feizhou 5 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Bingzheng, Wu and Jinyuan, Gao. 1993. Feizhou Minzu Duli Yundong Jianshi (A Concise History of African National Independence). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Zuncun, Wu and Defeng, Xie. 1936. Abixiniya Guo (Ethiopia). Shanghai: Zhengzhong Press.Google Scholar
Xiu, Wu, ed. 1956. Aiji Renmin Zhengqu Duli Heping de Douzheng (The Struggle of the Egyptian People to Win Independence and Peace). Beijing: Popular Readers Publishing House.Google Scholar
Zengtian, Wu. 1996. “A Survey of the Issue of Tribe in the Study of Black Africa in China.” Xiya Feizhou 5 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Jisheng, Xia, ed. 1996. Apartheid and Ethnic Relations in South Africa. Shanghai: East Normal University Press.Google Scholar
Jisheng, Xia et al. 1998. Dangdai Geguo Zhengzhi Tizhi: Nanfei (Contemporary World Political System: South Africa). Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press.Google Scholar
Jiming, Xu. 1983a. “Slave Trade and the Development of Early Capitalism.” Shijie Lishi 1 (World History).Google Scholar
Jiming, Xu. 1983b. “Slave Trade as an Important Factor to Cause African Backwardness.” Xiya Feizhou 4 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Jiming, Xu and Shizhong, Tan, eds. 1998. Dangdai Feizhou Zhengzhi Biange (Political Transformation in Contemporary Africa). Beijing: Economic Science Press.Google Scholar
Xingqiang, Xun. 1983. Niri'er Jianshi (Concise History of Niger). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Jin, Yan. 1958. A'erjiliya Renmin de Minzhou Jiefang Douzheng (The National Liberation Movement of Algerian People). Beijing: World Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Dezhen, Yang and Zeyu, Su, eds. 1994. Feizhou Shichang Jingji Tizhi (African Market Economy System). Lanzhou: Lanzhou University Press.Google Scholar
Haocheng, Yang. 1985. Aiji Jindai Shi (The Modern History of Egypt). Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Publishing House.Google Scholar
Haocheng, Yang and Chun, Jiang. 1997. Nasai-er he Sadate Shidai de Aiji (Egypt in Nasser and Sadat's Period). Beijing: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Lihua, Yang et al. 1994. Nanfei Zhengzhi Jingji de Fazhan (Political and Economic Development in South Africa). Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Publishing House.Google Scholar
Lihua, Yang. 1995. Mandela: Minzu Tuanjie zi Fu (Mandela: Father of National Unity). Changchun: Changchun Press.Google Scholar
Renpian, Yang. 1984. Feizhou Tongshi Jianbian (A Concise History of Africa). Beijing: People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Rongjia, Yang. 1986. Zai Shengmi de Qiuzhang Wangguo Li (In the Mysterious Chiefdom). Beijing: Current Affairs Publishing House.Google Scholar
Yap, Melanie, and Man, Dianne Leong. 1996. Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.Google Scholar
Xihu, Yuan. 1998. “About the Term ‘Buzu.’” Shijie Minzu 4 (World Ethno-National Studies).Google Scholar
Zungu, Zeng et al. 1984. Feizhou Nongye Dili (Agricultural Geography in Africa). Beijing: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Hongming, Zhang. 1995. “On the Issue of ‘Tribe’ and Tribalism in Black Africa.” Xiya Feizhou 5 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Hongming, Zhang. 1999. Duo Wei Shiye Zhong de Feizhou Zhengzhi Fazhan (African Political Development from a Multiple Perspective). Beijing: Social Science Documentation Press.Google Scholar
Qiwei, Zhang, trans. 1904. Modern History of Egypt. Shanghai: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Junyan, Zhang. 1986. Gudai Zhongguo yu Xiya Feizhou de Hai Shang Wanglai (The Contact between Ancient China and West-Asia-Africa). Beijing: Ocean Publishing House.Google Scholar
Rongsheng, Zhang. 1986. Feizhou Diaoke (Sculpture in Africa). Shanghai: Shanghai People's Painting Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Rongsheng, Zhang. 1988. Feizhou Heiren Yishu (Black Arts in Africa). Beijing: People's Painting Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Rongsheng, Zhang, ed. 1998. Caihong zhi Bang Xing Nanfei (A Rainbow Country, New South Africa). Beijing: Contemporary World Press.Google Scholar
Tiesheng, Zhang. 1963. Zhong-Fei Jiaotong Shi Chu Tan (History of Sino-African Relations: A Primary Research). Beijing: Joint Publishing.Google Scholar
Tongzhu, Zhang. 1992. Feizhou Jingji Shehui Fazhan Zhanlue Yanjiu (Study on the Strategy of Economic and Social Development in Africa). Beijing: People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Xiang, Zhang. 1987. “Four High-Tides of the Contacts between Africa and China in Ancient Times.” Nakai Shixue (History in Nankai University) 2.Google Scholar
Xiang, Zhang. 1993. “Several Issues in the Study of Sino-African Relations in Ancient Times.” Xiya Feizhou (West Asia and Africa) 5.Google Scholar
Xiang, Zhang. 1994. “African Scholars Pay Attention to the Study of Environment Issues.” Zhongguo Feizhou Wenti Yanjiu Tongxun (Bulletin of Chinese Association of African Studies) 26.Google Scholar
Xiang, Zhang, ed. 1998. Caihong zhi Bang Xing Nanfei (A Rainbow Country, New South Africa). Beijing: Contemporary World Press.Google Scholar
Xinglang, Zhang. 1940. Zhongxi Jiaotong Shiliao Huibian (Compilation of Data of China-West Contact). Beiping: Furen University Press.Google Scholar
Yuxi, Zhang, ed. 1990. Feizhou Wenti Yanjiu Zhongwen Wenxian Mulu, 1982–1989 (Bibliography of African Studies in Chinese, 1982–1989). Beijing: Institute of AfroAsian Studies, Peking University, Chinese Society of African Historical Studies, Chinese Association of African Studies.Google Scholar
Yuxi, Zhang, ed. 1997. Feizhou Wenti Yanjiu Zhongwen Wenxian Mulu, 1990–1996 (Bibliography of African Studies in Chinese, 1990–1996). Beijing: Institute of West Asia and Africa, CASS, Institute of Afro-Asian Studies, Peking University, Chinese Society of African Historical Studies.Google Scholar
Guozhong, Zhao et al., eds. 1998–2001. Guoji Xingshi Huangpi Shu: Zhongdong Feizhou Fazhan Baogao (Yellow Book of International Situation: The Report of the Development of Middle East and Africa). Beijing: Social Science Documenttion Press.Google Scholar
Guozhong, Zhao, ed. 2000. Jianmine Xiya Beifei Baikequanshu: Zhongdong (Concise Encyclopedia of West Asia and North Africa: Middle East). Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Publishing House.Google Scholar
Jianping, Zhao. 1980. “The National Independent Issue of Namibia.” Xiya Feizhou 4 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar
Shuhui, Zhao. 1981. Zayi'er Jianshi (Concise History of Zaire). Beijing: Commercial Press.Google Scholar
Daochuan, Zheng. 1957. “Nasser's Ideology of Anti-Colonialism.” Xueshu Luntan 1 (Academic Forum).Google Scholar
Jiaxing, Zheng, ed. 2000. Zhiminzhuyi Shi: Volume of Africa (History of Colonialism: Africa). Beijing: Peking University Press.Google Scholar
Muhong, Zhou. 1996. “Recent Studies on Botswana Abroad.” Xiya Feizhou Ziliao (West Asian and African Data) 2.Google Scholar
Chonggui, Zhu et al., eds. 1994. Nanfei Jingji: Maoyi Touzhi Zhinan (Economy in South Africa: Guide to Trade and Investment). Beijing: Current Affairs Press.Google Scholar
Gang, Zhu. 1981. “A Probe into the Process of National Democratic Revolution in Africa.” Xiya Feizhou 3–4 (West Asia and Africa).Google Scholar