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Seasonal dynamics of three coexisting aphid species: implications for estimating population variability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 April 2013

Robert J. Lamb ,
Patricia A. MacKay  and
Andrei Alyokhin
Robert J. Lamb*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Patricia A. MacKay
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Andrei Alyokhin
Affiliation:
School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, Maine 04469, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: lambmack@mts.net).
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Abstract

Seasonal patterns of abundance and population variability were determined for Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and Aphis nasturtii (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in potato plots from weekly samples for 28 years. All species showed a single annual peak, but arrived and reached peak abundance at different times. Population variability (PV, a proportion between 0 and 1) for the week of peak abundance was close to that of other sample weeks and mean seasonal abundance. Based on mid-season abundance, PV of 0.76 for M. persicae differed significantly from 0.80 for A. nasturtii, as well as from 0.59 for M. euphorbiae. A weekly time scale for abundance, initiated at an early stage of plant growth, produced slightly different estimates of PV early and late in the season than a scale centred on peak abundance for each species. PV at the time of invasion differed from estimates for the rest of the summer. The annual abundance used to estimate PV was best determined in the context of aphid life history. Nevertheless, PV provided a robust and precise metric for comparing population variability among the three species, regardless of their seasonal patterns of abundance.

Résumé

Des échantillons hebdomadaires sur 28 années ont servi à déterminer les patrons saisonniers d'abondance et de variabilité des populations de Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Myzus persicae (Sulzer) et Aphis nasturtii (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) dans des parcelles de culture de pommes de terre. Toutes les espèces affichent un seul pic annuel d'abondance, mais arrivent au pic et l'atteignent à des moments différents. La variabilité de la population (PV, une proportion entre 0 et 1) pour la semaine du pic d'abondance est proche de celle des autres semaines d’échantillonnage et de l'abondance saisonnière moyenne. D'après les abondances de mi-saison, la valeur PV de 0,76 chez M. persicae diffère significativement de 0,80 chez A. nasturtii ainsi que de 0,59 chez M. euphorbiae. Une échelle temporelle hebdomadaire de l'abondance commençant au moment du début de la croissance des plantes donne des estimations de PV tôt et tard dans la saison légèrement différentes de celles d'une échelle centrée sur les pics d'abondance de chacune des espèces. La valeur de PV au moment de l'invasion diffère des estimations obtenues sur le reste de l’été. L'abondance annuelle utilisée pour estimer la variabilité de la population est idéalement déterminée dans le contexte du cycle de vie des pucerons. Néanmoins, PV fournit une métrique robuste et précise pour comparer la variabilité entre les trois espèces, quel que soit leur patron saisonnier d'abondance.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 145 , Issue 3 , June 2013 , pp. 283 - 291
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2013 

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