Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4hhp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-16T21:42:37.943Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and subsequent carcass quality in broiler chickens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Beata Szymczyk ,
Paweł M. Pisulewski ,
Witold Szczurek  and
Piotr Hanczakowski
Beata Szymczyk
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
Paweł M. Pisulewski*
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Cracow, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
Witold Szczurek
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
Piotr Hanczakowski
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Pawel M. Pisulewski, fax + 48 12 6336245, email rrpisule@cyf-kr.edu.pl
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) on growth performance, carcass composition, fatty acid composition of adipose and muscle tissues, and serum lipoproteins was investigated in broiler chickens. A total of 160 (eighty male and eighty female) chickens were allocated to four dietary treatments (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % CLA) and fed a standard starter diet from 8 to 21 d, and a grower-finisher diet from 22–42 d. When determined for the total period 8–42 d, feed intake and body weight gains of broiler chickens were significantly reduced (from 3.31 to 3.12 kg and from 1615 to 1435 g respectively; P<0.05), particularly at the 1.5 % dietary CLA level. Feed conversion efficiency and carcass yield values showed no significant effects of dietary CLA. Abdominal fat deposition was significantly reduced (from 2.68 to 1.78 %; P<0.05), the relative proportion of breast muscles was unaffected, and that of leg muscles significantly increased (from 19.0 to 20.6 %; P<0.05). The concentration of CLA isomers (% of total methyl esters of fatty acids) increased linearly in tissue samples from broilers fed 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % dietary CLA. The relative proportions of saturated fatty acids (16:0, 18:0) were significantly (P<0.01) increased, and those of monounsaturated (16:1, 18:1) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (18:2, 20:4 in muscle tissues) significantly (P<0.05) reduced. Total serum cholesterol concentrations reached a maximum in broilers fed 1.0 % CLA and then decreased slightly (from 141.73 to 136.47 mg/dl; P<0.01). The same was true also for HDL-cholesterol (from 113.58 to 109.97 mg/dl; P<0.01). The HDL cholesterol:total cholesterol ratio and serum triacylglycerol concentration was unaffected. In conclusion, feeding CLA to broiler chickens resulted in substantial incorporation of CLA isomers into their tissue lipids, thus providing a potential CLA-rich source for human consumption.

Keywords

Conjugated linoleic acidGrowth performanceFatty acid composition
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 85 , Issue 4 , April 2001 , pp. 465 - 473
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2001

References

Allain, CC, Poon, LS, Chan, CS, Richmond, W & Fu, PC (1974) Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clinical Chemistry 20, 470–475.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Belury, MA & Kempa-Steczko, A (1997) Conjugated linoleic acid modulates hepatic lipid composition in mice. Lipids 32, 199–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cesano, A, Visonneau, S, Scimeca, JA, Krichevsky, D & Santoli, D (1998) Opposite effects of linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid on human prostatic cancer in SCID mice. Anticancer Research 18, 833–838.Google ScholarPubMed
Chin, SE, Lin, W, Storkson, YL, Ha, YL & Pariza, MW (1992) Dietary sources of conjugated dienoic isomers of linoleic acid, a newly recognized class of anticarcinogens. Journal of Food Composition Analysis 5, 185–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chin, SF, Storkson, JM, Alblight, KJ, Cook, ME & Pariza, MW (1994) Conjugated linoleic acid is a growth factor for rats as shown by enhanced weight gain and improved feed efficiency. Journal of Nutrition 124, 2344–2349.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cook, ME, Miller, CC, Park, Y & Pariza, M (1993) Immune modulation by altered nutrient metabolism: nutritional control of immune-induced growth depression. Poultry Science 72, 1301–1305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Decker, EA (1995) The role of phenolics, conjugated linoleic acid, carnosine, and pyrroloquinoline quinone as nonessential dietary antioxidants. Nutrition Reviews 53, 49–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Deckere, EAM, van Amelsvoort, JMM, McNeill, GP & Jones, P (1999) Effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers on lipid levels and peroxisome proliferation in the hamster. British Journal of Nutrition 82, 309–317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dugan, MER, Aalhus, JL, Schaefer, AL & Kramer, JKG (1997) The effect of conjugated linoleic acid on fat to lean repartitioning and feed conversion in pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 77, 723–725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunshea, FR, Ostrowska, E, Muralitharan, M, Cross, R, Bauman, DL, Pariza, MW & Skarie, C (1998) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid decreases back fat in finisher gilts. Journal of Animal Science 76 Suppl. 1, Journal of Dairy Science 81, Suppl. 1, 131.Google Scholar
Folch, J, Lees, M & Sloane-Stanley, GH (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fritche, J & Steinhart, H (1998) Analysis, occurrence, and physiological properties of trans fatty acids (TFA) with particular emphasis on conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) – a review. Fett/Lipid 100, 190–210.3.0.CO;2-5>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffin, BA (1999) Lipoprotein atherogenicity: an overview of current mechanisms. Proceedings of Nutrition Society 58, 163–169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayek, MG, Han, SN, Wu, D, Watkins, BA, Meydani, M, Dorsey, JL, Smith, DE & Meydani, SN (1999) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid influences the immune response of young and old C57BL/6NCrlBR mice. Journal of Nutrition 129, 32–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbel, BK, McGuire, MK, McGuire, MA & Schulz, TD (1998) Safflower oil consumption does not increase plasma conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 67, 332–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ip, C (1997) Review of the effects of trans fatty acids, oleic acid, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acid on mammary carcinogenesis in animals. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 66, 1523S–1529S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jiang, J, Wolk, A & Vessby, B (1999) Relation between the intake of milk fat and the occurrence of conjugated linoleic acid in human adipose tissue. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 70, 21–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knekt, P, Jarvinen, R, Seppanen, R, Pukkala, E & Aroma, A (1996) Intake of dairy products and the risk of breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer 73, 687–691.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kramer, JK, Sehat, N, Dugan, ME, Mossagba, MM, Jurawecz, MP, Roach, JA, Eulitz, K, Aalhus, JL, Schaefer, AL & Ku, Y (1998) Distribution of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers in tissue lipid classes of pigs fed a commercial CLA mixture determined by gas chromatography and silver ion-high-performance liquid chromatography. Lipids 33, 549–558.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, KN, Kritchevsky, D & Pariza, MW (1994) Conjugated linoleic acid and atherosclerosis in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 108, 19–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, KN, Storkson, JM & Pariza, MW (1995) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid changes fatty acid composition in different tissues by decreasing monounsaturated fatty acids. 1995 IFT Annual Meeting/Book of Abstracts, 183.Google Scholar
Lee, KN, Pariza, MW & Ntambi, JM (1998) Conjugated linoleic acid decreases hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA expression. Biochemical and Biophysical Research. Communications 248, 817–821.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, KL & Belury, MA (1998) Conjugated linoleic acid reduces arachidonic acid content and PGE(2) synthesis in murine keratinocytes. Cancer Letters 127, 15–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGowan, MW, Artiss, JD, Strandbergh, DR & Zak, B (1983) A peroxidase-coupled method for the colorimetric determination of serum triglicerides. Clinical Chemistry 29, 538–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, WR & Smith, LM (1964) Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride–methanol. Journal of Lipid Research 5, 600–608.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Munday, JS, Thompson, KG & James, KAC (1999) Dietary conjugated linoleic acids promote fatty streak formation in the C57BL/6 mouse atherosclerosis model. British Journal of Nutrition 81, 251–255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nicolosi, RJ, Rogers, EJ, Kritchevsky, D, Scimeca, JA & Huth, PJ (1997) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces plasma lipoproteins and early atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Artery 22, 266–277.Google ScholarPubMed
Ostrowska, E, Muralitharan, M, Cross, RF, Bauman, DE & Dunshea, FR (1999) Dietary conjugated linoleic acids increase lean tissue and decrease fat deposition in growing pigs. Journal of Nutrition 129, 2037–2042.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pariza, MW, Park, Y, Cook, M, Albright, K & Liu, W (1996) Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces body fat. FASEB Journal 10, A560, (Abst.).Google Scholar
Park, Y, Albright, KJ, Liu, W, Storkson, JM, Cook, ME & Pariza, M (1997) Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition in mice. Lipids 32, 853–858.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Santora, JE, Palmquist, DL & Roehrig, KL (2000) Trans-vaccenic acid is desaturated to conjugated linoleic acid in mice. Journal of Nutrition 130, 208–215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schulz, TD, Chew, BP, Seaman, WR & Luedecke, LO (1992) Inhibitory effect of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid and beta-carotene on the in vitro growth of human cancer cells. Cancer Letters 63, 125–133.Google Scholar
Sugano, M, Tsujita, A, Yanmasaki, M, Yamada, K, Ikeda, I & Kritchevsky, D (1997) Lymphatic recovery, tissue distribution, and metabolic effects of conjugated linoleic acid in rats. Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry 8, 38–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szymczyk, B, Pisulewski, PM, Hanczakowski, P & Szczurek, W (2000) The effects of feeding conjugated linoleic acid on rat growth performance, serum lipoproteins and subsequent lipid composition of selected rat tissues. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 80, 1553–1558.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thiel, RL, Sparks, JC, Weigand, BR, Parrish, FC & Ewan, RC (1998) Conjugated linoleic acid improves growth performance and body composition in swine. Journal of Animal Science 76 (Suppl. 2),61 (Abst.).Google Scholar
Visonneau, S, Cesano, A, Tepper, SA, Scimeca, JA, Santoli, D & Kritchevsky, D (1997) Conjugated linoleic acid supresses the growth of human breast adenocarcinoma cells in SCID mice. Anticancer Research 17, 969–974.Google Scholar
Viviani, R (1970) Metabolism of long-chain fatty acids in the rumen. Advances in Lipid Research 8, 267–274.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warrick, GR, Berdersond, J & Alberts, JJ (1982) Dextran-sulphate-Mg precipitation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Clinical Chemistry 28, 1379–1388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, DB, Delany, JP, Camet, PM, Blohm, F, Truett, AA & Scimeca, J (1998) Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on body fat and energy metabolism in the mouse. American Journal of Physiology 44, R667–R672.Google Scholar
Wong, MW, Chew, BP, Wong, TS, Hosick, HL, Boylston, TD & Schulz, TD (1998) Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on lymphocyte function and growth of mammary tumors in mice. Anticancer Research 17, 987–993.Google Scholar