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Thermal properties of graphene: Fundamentals and applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2012

Eric Pop ,
Vikas Varshney  and
Ajit K. Roy
Eric Pop
Affiliation:
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; epop@illinois.edu
Vikas Varshney
Affiliation:
Air Force Research Laboratory; vikas.varshney@wpafb.af.mil
Ajit K. Roy
Affiliation:
Air Force Research Laboratory; ajit.roy@wpafb.af.mil
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Abstract

Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material with over 100-fold anisotropy of heat flow between the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. High in-plane thermal conductivity is due to covalent sp2bonding between carbon atoms, whereas out-of-plane heat flow is limited by weak van der Waals coupling. Herein, we review the thermal properties of graphene, including its specific heat and thermal conductivity (from diffusive to ballistic limits) and the influence of substrates, defects, and other atomic modifications. We also highlight practical applications in which the thermal properties of graphene play a role. For instance, graphene transistors and interconnects benefit from the high in-plane thermal conductivity, up to a certain channel length. However, weak thermal coupling with substrates implies that interfaces and contacts remain significant dissipation bottlenecks. Heat flow in graphene or graphene composites could also be tunable through a variety of means, including phonon scattering by substrates, edges, or interfaces. Ultimately, the unusual thermal properties of graphene stem from its 2D nature, forming a rich playground for new discoveries of heat-flow physics and potentially leading to novel thermal management applications.

Keywords

C (27)defects (103)nanostructure (238)specific heat (275)thermal conductivity (276)
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 37 , Issue 12: Graphene Fundamentals and Functionalities , December 2012 , pp. 1273 - 1281
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

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