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Probing the heliosphere with the directional anisotropy of galactic cosmic-ray intensity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2012

Kazuoki Munakata
Kazuoki Munakata*
Affiliation:
Physics Department, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan email: kmuna00@shinshu-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

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Because of the large detector volume that can be deployed, ground-based detectors remain state-of-the-art instrumentation for measuring high-energy galactic cosmic-rays (GCRs). This paper demonstrates how useful information can be derived from observations of the directional anisotropy of the high-energy GCR intensity, introducing the most recent results obtained from the ground-based observations. The anisotropy observed with the global muon detector network (GMDN) provides us with a unique information of the spatial gradient of the GCR density which reflects the large-scale magnetic structure in the heliosphere. The solar cycle variation of the gradient gives an important information on the GCR transport in the heliosphere, while the short-term variation of the gradient enables us to deduce the large-scale geometry of the magnetic flux rope and the interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME). Real-time monitoring of the precursory anisotropy which has often been observed at the Earth preceding the arrival of the ICME accompanied by a strong shock may provide us with useful tools for forecasting the space weather with a long lead time. The solar cycle variation of the Sun's shadow observed in the TeV GCR intensity is also useful for probing the large-scale magnetic structure of the solar corona.

Keywords

Galactic cosmic-raysCosmic-ray anisotropyCosmic-ray density gradientCosmic-ray precursors of ICMESun's shadow in 10 TeV cosmic-ray intensity
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 7 , Symposium S286: Comparative Magnetic Minima: Characterizing quiet times in the Sun and Stars , October 2011 , pp. 185 - 194
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2012

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