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NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MOROCCAN NUTRITIONAL TRANSITION: THE ROLE OF PARENTAL EDUCATION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2011

PILAR MONTERO LÓPEZ ,
KARIM ANZID ,
MOHAMED CHERKAOUI ,
ABDELLATIF BAALI  and
SANTIAGO RODRIGUEZ LOPEZ
PILAR MONTERO LÓPEZ
Affiliation:
Departmento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
KARIM ANZID
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Écologie Humaine, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
MOHAMED CHERKAOUI
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Écologie Humaine, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
ABDELLATIF BAALI
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Écologie Humaine, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
SANTIAGO RODRIGUEZ LOPEZ
Affiliation:
Departmento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Summary

In Morocco, the beginning of the nutritional transition is closely linked to social and economic transformations and changes in behaviour and traditional lifestyles. The objective of this study is to describe the current pattern of food consumption and the nutritional status of adolescents in the province of Ouarzazate and its association with parents' educational level. The sample comprises 327 high school students from Ouarzazate: 135 (41.3%) boys and 192 (58.7%) girls (age range 15–20 years). For both boys and girls, the results show lower height and BMI z-scores than the WHO reference values. Adolescents whose parents have a low educational level have lower height/age and BMI/age z-scores than those whose fathers have a high educational level. No differences are observed in total daily energy intake depending on fathers' educational level, but the energy provided by lipids is higher in adolescents whose fathers have a high educational background. The quality of fats consumed (MUFA+PUFA/SFA) is better among those boys whose fathers have low education, but no differences are observed for girls. The process of nutritional transition is not uniform in the sample, but depends on the socioeconomic characteristics of population groups, which include, among others, accessibility of certain food, differences in habits and lifestyles related to energy expenditure, and higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in more favoured groups.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 44 , Issue 4 , July 2012 , pp. 481 - 494
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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