Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T03:06:14.024Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A case study on the roles of nongovernmental organizations in influencing intergovernmental decisions regarding highly pathogenic avian influenza in Cambodia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2012

S. BURGOS CÁCERES*
Affiliation:
28957 Sampson Road, Orange Beach, Alabama, 36561, USA
*
Corresponding author: sbc_london@yahoo.com
Get access

Abstract

During outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Cambodia, local non-governmental organizations managed to strategically influence decision making processes in inter-governmental organizations by highlighting human death tolls, public health, and rural livelihoods. This was accomplished through active participation in conferences, consultations, meetings, and workshops as well as disseminating messages via articles, papers, reports, studies, and websites.

Type
Small-Scale Family Poultry Production
Copyright
Copyright © World's Poultry Science Association 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ADI - AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL, (2007) The Impact of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza on the Cambodian Poultry Sector: A Literature Review. Report Commissioned by FAO, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
AHMED, S. and POTTER, D.M. (2006) NGOs in International Politics. (West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press).Google Scholar
BETSILL, M. and CORELL, E. (2008) NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Environmental Negotiations. (Boston, Massachusetts: MIT Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BETZOLD, C. (2010) ‘Borrowing’ Power to Influence International Negotiations: AOSIS in the Climate Change Regime, 1990-1997. Politics 30: 131-148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BRANCKAERT, R.D.S. (2007) Avian Influenza: The New Challenge for Family Poultry. World's Poultry Science Journal 63: 129-131.Google Scholar
BURGOS, S. and BURGOS, S.A. (2007) Influenza A Viruses in Poultry: A Condensed Review. International Journal of Poultry Science 6: 705-708.Google Scholar
BURGOS, S., HINRICHS, J., OTTE, J., PFEIFFER, D., ROLAND-HOLST, D., SCHWABENBAUER, K. and THIEME, O. (2008) Poultry, HPAI, and Livelihoods in Cambodia: A Review. (Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization).Google Scholar
BURGOS, S. and OTTE, J. (2009) Animal Health in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities. Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative (PPLPI), Research Report No. 09-06, December 2009. (Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization).Google Scholar
BURGOS, S. and OTTE, J. (2010) Global Public Health and Transboundary Animal Diseases: Issues and Options, Approaches and Concerns. Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative (PPLPI), Research Report No. 10-02, April 2010. (Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization).Google Scholar
CATLEY, A. (1997) Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) and the Delivery of Animal Health Services in Developing Countries. A Discussion Paper Commissioned by the Department for International Development, London, United Kingdom.Google Scholar
CEDAC - CENTRE D'ETUDE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT AGRICOLE CAMBODGIEN, (2007) Gender and Socioeconomic Impacts of HPAI and its Control: Rural Livelihood and Biosecurity of Smallholder Poultry Producers and Poultry Value Chains in Cambodia; A Case Study of 36 Villages in Four Cambodian Provinces. Report Commissioned by FAO, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
CENTDOR - CENTER FOR DEVELOPMENT ORIENTED RESEARCH, (2008) Rural Livelihoods and Biosecurity of Smallholder Poultry Producers and Poultry Value Chain in Siem Reap, Cambodia. Report Commissioned by FAO, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
CHARNOVITZ, S. (1996a) Two Centuries of Participation: NGOs and International Governance. Michigan Journal of International Law 18: 183-267.Google Scholar
CHARNOVITZ, S. (1996b) Participation of Nongovernmental Organizations in the World Trade Organization. University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law 17: 331-357.Google Scholar
CHARNOVITZ, S. (2006) Nongovernmental Organizations and International Law. American Journal of International Law 100: 348-372.Google Scholar
CLARK, A. (1995) Non-Governmental Organizations and Their Influence on International Society. Journal of International Affairs 48: 507-525.Google Scholar
CORELL, E. and BETSILL, M. (2001) A Comparative Look at NGO Influence in International Environmental Negotiations: Desertification and Climate Change. Global Environmental Politics 1: 86-107.Google Scholar
COX, R. and JACOBSON, H. (1973) The Anatomy of Influence: Decision Making in International Organizations. (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press).Google Scholar
DUNOFF, J., RATNER, S. and WIPPMAN, D. (2010) International Law: Norms, Actors, Process—A Problem-Oriented Approach. Third Edition. (New York, NY: Aspen Publishers).Google Scholar
DUPUY, P. and VIERUCCI, L. (2008) NGOs in International Law: Efficiency in Flexibility? (Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing).Google Scholar
EAR, S. and BURGOS-CÁCERES, S. (2009) Livelihoods and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Cambodia. World's Poultry Science Journal 65: 633-639.Google Scholar
EBRAHIM, A. (2005) NGOs and Organizational Change: Discourse, Reporting, and Learning. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
HANNAH, E. (2011) NGOs and the European Union: Examining the Power of Epistemes in the EC's TRIPS and Access to Medicines Negotiations. Journal of Civil Society 7: 179-206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HASTINGS, J. (2011) International Environmental NGOs and Conservation Science and Policy: A Case from Brazil. Coastal Management 39: 317-335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HICKLER, B. (2007) Bridging the Gap between HPAI Awareness and Practice in Cambodia: Recommendations from an Anthropological Participatory Assessment. Report Commissioned by FAO, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
KEOHANE, R. and NYE, J.F. (2000) Introduction, in: NYE, J.F. & DONOHUE, J.D. (Eds) Governance in a Globalizing World (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press).Google Scholar
KOVEN-LEVIT, J. (2005) A Bottom-Up Approach to International Lawmaking: The Tale of Three Trade Finance Instruments. Yale Journal of International Law 30: 125-209.Google Scholar
KU, C. and DIEHL, P.F. (2009a) International Law as Operating and Normative Systems: An Overview, in: KU, C. & DIEHL, P.F. (Eds) International Law: Classic and Contemporary Readings (Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers).Google Scholar
KU, C. and DIEHL, P.F. (2009b) Filling In the Gaps: Extrasystemic Mechanisms for Addressing Imbalances between the International Legal Operating and Normative Systems, in: KU, C. & DIEHL, P.F. (Eds) International Law: Classic and Contemporary Readings (Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers).Google Scholar
KU, C. and GAMBLE, J. (2000) International Law—New Actors and New Technologies: Center Stage for NGOs? Law and Policy in International Business 32: 221-262.Google Scholar
LAMY, P. (2009) The Place of the WTO and Its Law in the International Legal Order, in: KU, C. & DIEHL, P.F. (Eds) International Law: Classic and Contemporary Readings (Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers).Google Scholar
LINDBLOM, A. (2005) Nongovernmental Organizations in International Law. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
LIPSCHUTZ, R. and MAYER, J. (1996) Global Civil Society and Global Environmental Governance: The Politics of Nature from Place to Planet. (Albany, NY: State University New York Press).Google Scholar
LY, S., VAN KERKHOVE, M., HOLL, D., FROEHLICH, Y. and VONG, S. (2007) Interaction between Humans and Poultry, Rural Cambodia. Emerging Infectious Diseases 12: 130-132.Google Scholar
OFFICE OF THE UN SECRETARY-GENERAL KOFI A. ANNAN, (2000) We the Peoples: The Role of the United Nations in the 21st Century. (New York, NY: United Nations Report).Google Scholar
OTTO, D. (1996) Nongovernmental Organizations in the United Nations System: The Emerging Role of International Civil Society. Human Rights Quarterly 18: 140-151.Google Scholar
PRICE-COHEN, C. (1990) The Role of Nongovernmental Organizations in the Drafting of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Human Rights Quarterly 12: 137-147.Google Scholar
PRINCEN, T. and FINGER, M. (1994) Environmental NGOs in World Politics: Linking the Local with the Global. (New York: Routledge).Google Scholar
RABKIN, J. (2005) Law without Nations? Why Constitutional Government Requires Sovereign States. (Princeton, NJ and Oxfordshire, UK: Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
RAUSTIALA, K. (1997) States, NGOs, and International Environmental Institutions. International Studies Quarterly 41: 719-740.Google Scholar
SCOONES, I. (2010) Avian Influenza: Science, Policy and Politics. (London: Earthscan).Google Scholar
SLAUGHTER, A. (2004) A New World Order. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
SPIROA, P. (1995) New Global Communities: Nongovernmental Organizations in International Decision Making Institutions. The Washington Quarterly 18: 45-56.Google Scholar
VAN KERKHOVE, M., LY, S., HOLL, D., GUITIAN, J., MANGTANI, P., GHANI, A. and VONG, S. (2008) Frequency and Patterns of Contact with Domestic Poultry and Potential Risk of H5N1 Transmission to Humans Living in Rural Cambodia. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 2: 155-163.Google Scholar
VSF- VÉTÉRINAIRES SANS FRONTIÈRES, (2005) Review of Poultry Production and Assessment of the Socioeconomic Impact of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Epidemic in Cambodia. Report Commissioned by FAO, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
WAPNER, P. (1996) Environmental Activism and World Civic Politics. (Albany, NY: State University New York Press).Google Scholar