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Self-reported memory impairment and brain PET of amyloid and tau in middle-aged and older adults without dementia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 February 2012

David A. Merrill ,
Prabha Siddarth ,
Nathan Y. Saito ,
Linda M. Ercoli ,
Alison C. Burggren ,
Vladimir Kepe ,
Helen Lavretsky ,
Karen J. Miller ,
Jeanne Kim  and
S. C. Huang
...Show all authors
David A. Merrill*
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Prabha Siddarth
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Nathan Y. Saito
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Linda M. Ercoli
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Alison C. Burggren
Affiliation:
Center for Cognitive Neurosciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Vladimir Kepe
Affiliation:
Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Helen Lavretsky
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Karen J. Miller
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Jeanne Kim
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
S. C. Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Susan Y. Bookheimer
Affiliation:
Center for Cognitive Neurosciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA Brain Mapping Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Jorge R. Barrio
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
Gary W. Small
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, and Longevity Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: David A. Merrill, MD, PhD, Assistant Clinical Professor, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room 38-231, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Phone: +1 310-267-0274; Fax: +1 310-825-3910. Email: dmerrill@mednet.ucla.edu.
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Abstract

Background: Whether perceived changes in memory parallel changes in brain pathology is uncertain. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans using 2-(1-{6-[(2-[F-18]fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl}ethylidene)malononitrile (FDDNP) can measure levels of amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles in vivo. Here we investigate whether degree of self-reported memory impairment is associated with FDDNP-PET binding levels in persons without dementia.

Methods: Fifty-seven middle-aged and older adults without dementia (mean age ±standard deviation = 66.3 ± 10.6 years), including 25 with normal aging and 32 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), were assessed. The outcome measures were the four factor scores of the Memory Functioning Questionnaire (MFQ) (frequency of forgetting, seriousness of forgetting, retrospective functioning, and mnemonics use) and FDDNP-PET binding levels in medial temporal, lateral temporal, posterior cingulate, parietal, frontal, and global (overall average) regions of interest.

Results: After controlling for age, higher reported frequency of forgetting was associated with greater medial temporal (r = −0.29, p = 0.05), parietal (r = −0.30, p = 0.03), frontal (r = −0.35, p = 0.01), and global FDDNP-PET binding levels (r = −0.33, p = 0.02). The remaining MFQ factor scores were not significantly associated with FDDNP-PET binding levels, and no significant differences were found between normal aging and MCI subjects. Item analysis of the frequency of forgetting factor revealed five questions that yielded similar results as the full 32-question scale (r = −0.52, p = 0.0002).

Conclusions: These findings suggest that some forms of memory self-awareness, in particular the reported frequency of forgetting, may reflect the extent of cerebral amyloid and tau brain pathology.

Keywords

agingneuroimagingcognitive testingMCIsubjective cognitive impairmentbeta-amyloid plaquestau neurofibrillary tanglesFDDNP
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 24 , Issue 7 , July 2012 , pp. 1076 - 1084
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2012

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