Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T11:38:29.768Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

PREDATORY ARTHROPODS IN HIGH- AND LOW-MAINTENANCE TURFGRASS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Stephen D. Cockfield  and
Daniel A. Potter
Stephen D. Cockfield
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546–0091
Daniel A. Potter
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546–0091
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Predatory arthropods were sampled in high-maintenance Kentucky bluegrass lawns (lawns under commercial lawn care), low-maintenance Kentucky bluegrass lawns (under minimal care), and low-maintenance tall-fescue lawns. In general, tall fescue supported fewer predators than Kentucky bluegrass, specifically the families Erigon-idae, Linyphiidae, and Carabidae. Populations of Erigonidae, Linyphiidae, and Carabidae were lower in high-maintenance bluegrass than in low-maintenance bluegrass. The carabids Amara cupreolata Putzeys, Agonum punctiformum (Say), and Harpalus (Pseudopkonus) spp., and a staphylinid, Philonthus sp., were particularly uncommon in high-maintenance sites. Hierarchical classification of sites suggested that the structure of the staphylinid and carabid communities differs in tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass turf, and differs in high- and low-maintenance bluegrass.

Résumé

Des échantillons d'arthropodes prédateurs ont été prélevés dans des pelouses d'herbe bleue du Kentucky hautement entretenues (entretien commercial), des pelouses d'herbe bleue du Kentucky faiblement entretenues (entretien minime) et des pelouses de fétuque faiblement entretenues. En général, les pelouses de fétuque entretenaient moins de prédateurs que l'herbe bleue du Kentucky, particulièrement de prédateurs appartenant aux familles Erigonidae, Linyphiidae et de Carabidae. Les populations d'Erigonidae, Linyphiidae et de Carabidae étaient plus faibles dans l'herbe bleue hautement entretenue que dans l'herbe bleue peu entretenue. Les carabides des espèces Amara cupreolata Putzeys, Agonum punctiformum (Say) et Harpalus (Pseudophonus) et un staphylinide, l'espèce Philonthus étaient particulièrement rares dans les sites hautement entretenus. La classification hiérarchique des sites suggère que la structure des populations de staphylinides et carabides diffère selon qu'elles se trouvent dans des pelouses de fétuque ou d'herbe bleue et également dans de l'herbe bleue hautement ou faiblement entretenue.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 117 , Issue 4 , April 1985 , pp. 423 - 429
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baars, M.A. 1979. Catches in pitfall traps in relation to mean densities of carabid beetles. Oecologia 41: 25–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bakelaar, R.G. and Odum, E.P.. 1978. Community and population level responses to fertilization in an old field ecosystem. Ecology 59: 660–665.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clifford, H.T. and Stephenson, W.. 1975. An Introduction to Numerical Classification. Academic Press, NY. 299 pp.Google Scholar
Cockfield, S.D. and Potter, D.A.. 1983. Short-term effects of insecticidal applications on predaceous arthropods and oribatid mites in Kentucky bluegrass turf. Environ. Ent. 12: 1260–1264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cockfield, S.D. and Potter, D.A.. 1984. Predatory insects and spiders from suburban lawns in Lexington, Kentucky. Great Lakes Ent. 17: 179–184.Google Scholar
Czechowski, W. 1980. Sampling of Carabidae (Coleoptera) by Barber's traps and biocenometric method in urban environment. Ser. Sci. Biol. Cl. II. 27: 461–465.Google Scholar
Frankie, G.W. and Ehler, L.E.. 1978. Ecology of insects in urban environments. A. Rev. Ent. 23: 367–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freitag, R. 1979. Carabid beetles and pollution. pp. 507–522 in Erwin, T.C., Ball, G.E., and Whitehead, D.R. (Eds.), Carabid Beetles: Their Evolution, Natural History, and Classification. Junk, The Hague. 635 pp.Google Scholar
Green, R.H. 1979. Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists. Wiley, NY. 257 pp.Google Scholar
Hintz, S.D. and Schulz, J.T.. 1969. The effect of selected herbicides on cereal aphids under greenhouse conditions. Proc. N. Centr. Br. ent. Soc. Am. 24: 114–117.Google Scholar
Huhta, V. 1979. Evaluation of different similarity indices as measures of succession in arthropod communities of the forest floor after clear-cutting. Oecologia 41: 11–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ishii, S. and Hirano, C.. 1963. Growth responses of larvae of the rice stem borer to rice plants treated with 2,4D. Entomologia exp. appl. 6: 257–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kausnitzer, B., Richter, K., Koeberlein, C., and Koeberlein, F.. 1980. Faunistic studies of soil arthropods of two Leipzig, East Germany, city parks with particular reference to Carabidae and Staphylinidae. Wiss. Z. Karl-Marx-Univ. Leipz. Math-Natur. Reihe 29(6): 583–597.Google Scholar
Lance, G.N. and Williams, W.T.. 1966. Computer programs for heirarchical polythetic classification (“similarity analysis”). Comput. J. 9: 60–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavinge, R.L. and Campion, M.K.. 1978. The effect of ecosystem stress on the abundance and biomass of Carabidae (Coleoptera) on the shortgrass prairie. Environ. Ent. 7: 88–92.Google Scholar
Luff, M.L. 1975. Features influencing efficiency of pitfall traps. Oecologia 19: 345–347.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattson, W.J. Jr., 1980. Herbivory in relation to plant nitrogen content. A. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 11: 119–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrill, W.L. 1975. Plastic pitfall trap. Environ. Ent. 4: 596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pimentel, D. and Edwards, C.A.. 1982. Pesticides and ecosystems. BioScience 32: 595–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steele, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.H.. 1960. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw-Hill, NY. 481 pp.Google Scholar
Thiele, H.U. 1977. Carabid Beetles in Their Environments. Springer-Verlag, NY. 369 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uetz, G. W. and Unzicker, J.D.. 1976. Pitfall trapping in ecological studies of wandering spiders. J. Arachnol. 3: 101–111.Google Scholar
Walpole, R.E. and Meyers, R.H.. 1978. Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 2nd ed. Macmillan, NY. 580 pp.Google Scholar