Public Health Nutrition
- Public Health Nutrition / Volume 15 / Issue 10 / October 2012, pp 1871-1878
- Copyright © The Authors 2012
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980012000031 (About DOI), Published online: 23 March 2012
Epidemiology
Fruit juice consumption is associated with improved nutrient adequacy in children and adolescents: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006
Carol E O'Neila1 c1, Theresa A Nicklasa2, Michael Zanoveca1, Ronald E Kleinmana3 and Victor L Fulgoni IIIa4
a1 Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 261 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
a2 Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA
a3 Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
a4 Nutrition Impact, LLC, Battle Creek, MI, USA
Abstract
Objective To examine the contribution of 100 % fruit juice (FJ) consumption to dietary adequacy of shortfall nutrients by children and adolescents.
Design Cross-sectional.
Setting Secondary analysis of data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Subjects Children and adolescents aged 2–18 years (n 7250). Usual intake, determined from two 24 h dietary recalls, was calculated using the National Cancer Institute method. The population was dichotomized into consumers or non-consumers of 100 % FJ. The age/gender-specific percentage of the two consumption groups with intakes less than the Estimated Average Requirement or that exceeded the Adequate Intake for selected nutrients was determined. A Z-statistic for differences in population proportions was used to determine significance (P < 0·05).
Results Children aged 2–5 years had the highest percentage of 100 % FJ consumers (71·1 %), followed by children aged 6–12 years (57·0 %) and adolescents aged 13–18 years (44·5 %). Compared with 100 % FJ consumers, a significantly higher percentage of non-consumers had intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement for vitamin A (24·4 (se 2·5) % v. 42·2 (se 2·5) %), vitamin C (0·1 (se 0·2) % v. 38·9 (se 4·1) %), folate (8·8 (se 1·5) % v. 22·1 (se 2·4) %), P (11·6 (se 2·1) % v. 21·3 (se 2·6) %) and Mg (25·8 (se 1·7) % v. 46·1 (se 2·0) %). A greater percentage of 100 % FJ consumers exceeded the Adequate Intake for K (2·4 (se 0·5) v. 0·5 (se 0·2) %) compared with non-consumers.
Conclusions Consumption of 100 % FJ is associated with improved nutrient adequacy and can contribute to a healthy diet.
(Received March 25 2011)
(Accepted January 02 2012)
(Online publication March 23 2012)
Correspondence:
c1 Corresponding author: Email coneil1@lsu.edu
