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Molecular Gas and Star Formation in Local Early–type Galaxies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2011

M. Bureau
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, UK
T. A. Davis
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, UK
K. Alatalo
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley, USA
A. F. Crocker
Affiliation:
University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
L. Blitz
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley, USA
L. M. Young
Affiliation:
New Mexico Tech, Socorro, USA
F. Combes
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Paris, France
M. Bois
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Lyon, France
F. Bournaud
Affiliation:
CEA, Paris-Saclay, France
M. Cappellari
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, UK
R. L. Davies
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, UK
P. T. de Zeeuw
Affiliation:
ESO, Garching, Germany Leiden University, The Netherlands
P.-A. Duc
Affiliation:
Laboratoire AIM, Paris-Saclay, France
E. Emsellem
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Lyon, France ESO, Garching, Germany
S. Khochfar
Affiliation:
MPE, Garching, Germany
D. Krajnović
Affiliation:
ESO, Garching, Germany
H. Kuntschner
Affiliation:
ESO, Garching, Germany
P.-Y. Lablanche
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Lyon, France
R. M. McDermid
Affiliation:
Gemini Observatory, Hilo, USA
R. Morganti
Affiliation:
ASTRON, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
T. Naab
Affiliation:
MPIA, Garching, Germany
T. Oosterloo
Affiliation:
ASTRON, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
M. Sarzi
Affiliation:
University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
N. Scott
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, UK
P. Serra
Affiliation:
ASTRON, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
A. Weijmans
Affiliation:
Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Canada
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Abstract

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The molecular gas content of local early-type galaxies is constrained and discussed in relation to their evolution. First, as part of the ATLAS3D survey, we present the first complete, large (260 objects), volume-limited single-dish survey of CO in normal local early-type galaxies. We find a surprisingly high detection rate of 22%, independent of luminosity and at best weakly dependent on environment. Second, the extent of the molecular gas is constrained with CO synthesis imaging, and a variety of morphologies is revealed. The kinematics of the molecular gas and stars are often misaligned, implying an external gas origin in over a third of the systems, although this behaviour is drastically diffferent between field and cluster environments. Third, many objects appear to be in the process of forming regular kpc-size decoupled disks, and a star formation sequence can be sketched by piecing together multi-wavelength information on the molecular gas, current star formation, and young stars. Last, early-type galaxies do not seem to systematically obey all our usual prejudices regarding star formation, following the standard Schmidt-Kennicutt law but not the far infrared-radio correlation. This may suggest a greater diversity in star formation processes than observed in disk galaxies. Using multiple molecular tracers, we are thus starting to probe the physical conditions of the cold gas in early-types.

Type
Contributed Papers
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2011

References

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