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Reproductive strategy of the invasive cockle Fulvia fragilis in the Bay of Tunis (Tunisia)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2011

Mouna Rifi ,
Gaël Le Pennec ,
Mohamed Ben Salem  and
Jamila Ben Souissi
Mouna Rifi*
Affiliation:
Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, Unité de Recherche Zoologie et Ecologie des Milieux Aquatiques, Campus Universitaire, 1002, le Belvédère, Tunis, Tunisia Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université de Bretagne Sud, BP 92116, 56321, Lorient, France
Gaël Le Pennec
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université de Bretagne Sud, BP 92116, 56321, Lorient, France
Mohamed Ben Salem
Affiliation:
Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, Unité de Recherche Zoologie et Ecologie des Milieux Aquatiques, Campus Universitaire, 1002, le Belvédère, Tunis, Tunisia
Jamila Ben Souissi
Affiliation:
Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Cité Mahrajène 1082, Tunis, Tunisia
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: M. Rifi, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, Unité de Recherche Zoologie et Ecologie des Milieux Aquatiques, Campus Universitaire, 1002, le Belvédère, Tunis, Tunisia email: mouna.rifi@voila.fr
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Abstract

This study is the first work on the reproductive biology of lessepsian bivalve Fulvia fragilis. Monthly and bimonthly samplings were made in the period from April 2006 to October 2007, at the Bay of Tunis (northern Tunisia). From histological preparations of gonad, a gametogenic scale was drawn up based on eight stages: sexual rest; initiation of gametogenesis; advanced gametogenesis; ripe; partial spawning; advanced spawning; restoration; and spent. After examination of gonad preparations, F. fragilis appeared to be a simultaneous hermaphrodite species. Spawning was continuous all along the year, scarce in winter and with peaks during the rest of the year. The spawning peaks were positively correlated with the rise of the sea surface temperature and the nutrient availability. Furthermore, the presence of oocytes surrounded by spermatozoa in female and male follicles and in male gonoducts was observed. Self-fertilization may occur in this species. High summer mortalities probably due to the combination of vulnerability of the bivalve in response to the reproductive effort and high temperature stress were recorded. The F. fragilis reproduction strategy explains the success of its installation on the Tunisian coast.

Keywords

Fulvia fragilislessepsian speciesgametogenesis scalehermaphroditismsuccess of installation
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 91 , Issue 7 , November 2011 , pp. 1465 - 1475
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2011

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