Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T13:25:46.065Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Toward a Social Epistemic Comprehensive Liberalism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2012

Abstract

For well over a decade, much of liberal political theory has accepted the founding premise of Rawls's political liberalism, according to which the fact of reasonable pluralism renders comprehensive versions of liberalism incoherent. However, the founding premise presumes that all comprehensive doctrines are moral doctrines. In this essay, the author builds upon recent work by Allen Buchanan and develops a comprehensive version of liberalism based in a partially comprehensive social epistemic doctrine. The author then argues that this version of liberalism is sufficiently accommodating of the fact of reasonable pluralism. The conclusion is that the founding premise of political liberalism admits of a counterexample; there is a version of comprehensive liberalism that is sufficiently pluralistic.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ackerman, Bruce. 1989. “Why Dialogue?Journal of Philosophy 86: 1627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ackerman, Bruce. 1994. “Political Liberalisms.” Journal of Philosophy 91: 364–86.Google Scholar
Arneson, Richard J. 2003. “Liberal Neutrality on the Good: An Autopsy.” In Wall, S. and Klosko, G. (eds.), Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Audi, Robert. 2000. Religious Commitment and Secular Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, Brian. 1995a. Justice as Impartiality. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, Brian. 1995b. “John Rawls and the Search for Stability.” Ethics 105: 874915.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, Brian. 2001. Culture and Equality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Benhabib, Seyla. 1989. “Liberal Dialogue Versus a Critical Theory of Discursive Legitimation.” In Rosenblum, N. (ed.), Liberalism and the Moral Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Brower, Bruce. 1994. “The Limits of Public Reason.” Journal of Philosophy 91: 526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchanan, Allen. 2002. “Social Moral Epistemology.” Social Philosophy and Policy 19: 126–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buchanan, Allen. 2004. “Political Liberalism and Social Epistemology.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 32: 95130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christiano, Thomas. 2001. “Is There Any Basis for Rawls's Duty of Civility?Modern Schoolman 78: 151–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Joshua. 1993. “Moral Pluralism and Political Consensus.” In Copp, D., Hampton, J., and Roemer, J. (eds.), The Idea of Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
D'Agostino, Fred. 1996. Free Public Reason. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dombrowski, Daniel. 2001. Rawls and Religion: The Case for Political Liberalism. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Dworkin, Ronald. 1985. “Liberalism.” In his A Matter of Principle. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Dworkin, Ronald. 1988. “Foundations of Liberal Equality.” Reprinted in Darwall, S. (ed.), Equal Freedom: Selected Tanner Lectures On Human Values. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Estlund, David. 1996. “The Survival of Egalitarian Justice in John Rawls's Political Liberalism.” Journal of Political Philosophy 4: 6878.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Estlund, David. 1998. “The Insularity of the Reasonable.” Ethics 108: 252–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galston, William A. 1989. “Pluralism and Social Unity.” Ethics 99: 711–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaus, Gerald. 1999. “Reasonable Pluralism and the Domain of the Political.” Inquiry 42: 259–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaus, Gerald. 2003. “Liberal Neutrality: A Compelling and Radical Principle.” In Wall, S. and Klosko, G. (eds.), Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
George, Robert P. and Wolfe, Christopher. 2000. “Natural Law and Public Reason.” In George, R. and Wolfe, C. (eds.), Natural Law and Public Reason. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Goldman, Alvin I. 1999. Knowledge in a Social World. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldman, Alvin I. 2001. “Social Epistemology.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved March 20, 2005, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epistemology-social/Google Scholar
Goodman, Lenn E. 1998. Judaism, Human Rights, and Human Values. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Habermas, Jurgen. 1995. “Reconciliation through the Public Use of Reason.” Journal of Philosophy 92: 109–31.Google Scholar
Hampton, Jean. 1989. “Should Political Philosophy Be Done without Metaphysics?Ethics 99: 791814.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardin, Russell. 2002. “The Crippled Epistemology of Extremism.” In Breton, A. (ed.), Political Extremism and Rationality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Holmes, Stephen. 1988. “Gag Rules or the Politics of Omission.” In Elster, J. and Slagstad, R. (eds.), Constitutionalism and Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Holmes, Stephen. 1993. “John Rawls and the Limits of Tolerance.” New Republic October 11: 3947.Google Scholar
Hurka, Thomas. 1993. Perfectionism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
James, William. 1977. “The Will to Believe.” The Philosophical Writings of William James. McDermott, J. (ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Kitcher, Philip. 2001. Science, Truth, and Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klosko, George. 2000. Democratic Procedures and Liberal Consensus. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Klosko, George. 2003. “Reasonable Rejection and Neutrality of Justification.” In Wall, S. and Klosko, G. (eds.), Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Larmore, Charles. 1987. Patterns of Moral Complexity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larmore, Charles. 1996. The Morals of Modernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larmore, Charles. 2003. “Public Reason.” In Freeman, S. (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Rawls. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Macedo, Stephen. 2000. “In Defense of Liberal Public Reason: Are Slavery and Abortion Hard Cases?” In George, R. and Wolfe, C. (eds.), Natural Law and Public Reason. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Mulhall, Stephen and Swift, Adam. 1996. Liberals and Communitarians. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Nagel, Thomas. 1987. “Moral Conflict and Political Legitimacy.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 16: 215–40.Google Scholar
Nozick, Robert. 1974. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Okin, Susan Moller. 1993. “Review of Political Liberalism.” American Political Science Review 87: 1010–1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okin, Susan Moller. 1994. “Political Liberalism, Justice, and Gender.” Ethics 105: 2343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawls, John. 1985. “Justice as Fairness: Political Not Metaphysical.” Reprinted in John Rawls: Collected Papers. Freeman, S. (ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Rawls, John. 1996. Political Liberalism. Paperback ed. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Raz, Joseph. 1986. The Morality of Freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Raz, Joseph. 1990. “Facing Diversity: The Case of Epistemic Abstinence.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 19: 346.Google Scholar
Reidy, David. 2000. “Rawls's Wide View of Public Reason: Not Wide Enough.” Res Publica 6: 4972.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandel, Michael. 1994. “A Response to Rawls' Political Liberalism.” Harvard Law Review 107(7): 1765–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandel, Michael. 1996. Democracy's Discontent. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Scheffler, Samuel. 1994. “The Appeal of Political Liberalism,” Ethics 105: 2343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sher, George. 1997. Beyond Neutrality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stout, Jeffrey. 2004. Democracy and Tradition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sunstein, Cass. 1996. Democracy and the Problem of Free Speech. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Sunstein, Cass. 2001a. Republic.com. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sunstein, Cass. 2001b. Designing Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sunstein, Cass. 2003. Why Societies Need Dissent. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Swain, Carol. 2002. The New White Nationalism in America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Swain, Carol and Nieli, Russ. (eds.) 2003. Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism in America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talisse, Robert B. and Aikin, Scott F.. 2007. “Kitcher on the Ethics of Inquiry.” Journal of Social Philosophy 38(4): 654–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waldron, Jeremy. 1993. Liberal Rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wall, Steven. 1998. Liberalism, Perfectionism, and Restraint. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wall, Steven and Klosko, George. 2003. “Introduction.” In Wall, S. and Klosko, G. (eds.), Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Wall, Steven, and Klosko, George. (eds.) 2003. Perfectionism and Neutrality: Essays in Liberal Theory. Lanhan, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Wenar, Leif. 1995. “Political Liberalism: An Internal Critique.” Ethics 106: 3262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolterstorff, Nicholas. 1997. “The Role of Religion in Decision and Discussion of Political Issues.” In Audi, R. and Wolterstorff, N., Religion in the Public Square. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Young, Iris Marion. 2003. “Activist Challenges to Deliberative Democracy.” In Fishkin, J. and Laslett, P. (eds.), Debating Deliberative Democracy. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar